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Motywacje wyborów tłumaczeniowych w przekładzie ustnym środowiskowym

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Kruk‑Junger K.
Między Oryginałem a Przekładem
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2012
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vol. 18
399-411
EN
The aim of the article is to present some basic aspects of community interpretation and to demonstrate how the elements of the act of communication can influence its outcome. The paper also opens a discussion on the influence of various extralinguistic factors on the interpreter’s choices and behaviour. Most of these factors cannot be found in other types of translation, both written and oral, and therefore deserve further investigation.
2
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Bildung und Gebrauch der deutschen und polnischen Toponyme und Probleme bei deren gegenseitiger Wiedergabe

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Wojaczek E.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2022
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issue 21
311-327
EN
Every translator is often confronted with the problem of translatability of proper names, which include geographical names called toponyms (i.e. choronyms, proper toponyms, urbanonyms, hydronyms and oronyms). German and Polish toponyms differ from each other in gender and number as well as in spelling and the order of components. Many differences in the creation of toponyms result from the different ways of thinking in the two nations. Before translating these lexical units, we should first consider whether they can be translated at all, and if so, how to do it, and what criteria should be applied. The (un)translatability of toponyms is strongly conditioned by culture, history, politics, and of course topography itself, which is shown in this article by means of an example of selected groups of Polish and German geographic names. In official documents, where the criterion of comprehensibility is decisive, foreign language equivalents of toponyms are generally used, provided such equivalents exist. Some toponyms have to be modified in translation to make them more precise or to clarify their meaning. Toponyms that are typical of a country or culture and have no foreign language equivalents are usually not translated, but preserve their original form in the translated texts. In order to convey their meaning, foreign language generic names are usually added before them.
3
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Holenderskie elementy kulturowe w polskim przekładzie „De reünie” („Zjazd szkolny”) autorstwa Simone van der Vlugt. Analiza wybranych technik translatorskich

100%
Zarzycka M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2021
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issue 20
147-164
EN
Culture-specific items cause many translation problems and therefore they often pose a huge challenge to translators. Thereupon this issue has been researched by many translation theorists. The subject matter of this article are culture-specific items (CSIs) in the Polish translation of the thriller “De reünie” by Simone van der Vlugt. The first reading of this translation calls readers’ attention to the fact that it is a text rich in cultural references. Thereupon the author of this article found worth analyzing how the translator has dealed with this challenge. Especially that this kind of research can be useful for other translators, as well as for translation theorists and reviewers of translations. The aim of this article is to analyze the use of translation techniques for CSIs and to inquire into the frequency with which the analyzed translation techniques have been applied. This is the first research of this kind concerning this novel. The theoretical part is dedicated to the issues associated with CSIs, namely the definitions of this term, translation problems caused by CSIs and classifications of translation strategies and techniques. The command of these issues is a starting point for the next phases of the research. The analysis was carried out using the classification of translation strategies and techniques described by Aixelá (1996). Due to the fact that proper nouns are numerous, the chosen classification was supplemented with one strategy from the classification of Hejwowski (2007), namely with the approved equivalent. The presented analysis is based upon the most representative examples of CSIs. The author of this article has suggested alternative translation solutions to some examples. The aim of it was not to criticize the translation choices made by the translator, but to shed light on other translation possibilities. The analysis has shown that there have been used 17 translation techniques and combinations of them in the Polish translation of the novel „De reünie”. The most common technique used by the translator, Dorota Szafrańska-Poniewierska, has been the repetition – 105 times. Other translation techniques and combinations of them have been applied significantly less often. On the basis of the observations has been stated that the most translation techniques and the combinations of them belong to the conservation, category proposed by Aixelá (1996) and are exotic. That means that the most Dutch culture-specific items and consequently also the couleur locale of the whole novel have been retained. Thereupon it can be as- sumed that the choices of the translator may lead to the foreignization (Venuti, 1995). However, these are tentative conclusions and in order to draw further conclusions the analysis of this text should be broadened with the research at the macrostructural level that could be an interesting amplification of this research.
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Mediacja kulturowa w tłumaczeniu ustnym

100%
Kruk-Junger K.
Między Oryginałem a Przekładem
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2014
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vol. 24
31-42
EN
The article focuses on the problem of cultural mediation in interpreting and presents some of the most important theories regarding the topic. Firstly, the author tackles the question whether the interpreter should act as a cultural mediator at all. Then, she describes specific types of cultural differences and their influence on the communication. Finally, the article offers a list of some helpful rules established by the theoreticians, which can result helpful whenever the need for cultural mediation presents itself in interpreter’s work.
5
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Non-Equivalence in Translation: Russian-German Diachronic Corpus-Based Dictionaries of Non-Equivalent Units

88%
Alekseyeva M. L.
Research in Language
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2021
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vol. 19
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issue 3
315-333
EN
This paper explores the essence of lexical units with no direct equivalents in other languages and introduces a bilingual dictionary of a new type. Such a dictionary is built upon a diachronic corpus of parallel translations with due consideration of the principles of present-day lexicography. The suggested diachronic German-Russian glossary of non-equivalent vocabulary – realia – presents the mega-, macro- and microstructure of a diachronic translation dictionary. The glossary is of a holistic character: it can provide information on the ways different realia were translated in various periods and thus reflect the creative role of translation plurality; it can also influence the formation of translating competence, acquisition of translating skills and skills of comparative analysis.
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Nazwy placówek medycznych zawierające rzeczownik zakład w przekładzie na język niemiecki

88%
Łomzik M.
Applied Linguistics Papers
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2019
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issue 26/2
77-90
EN
Noun zakład (plant) appearing in the names of enterprises is not very popular among onomasticians. It may be an interesting subject of research for translators in connection with problems occurring during attempts to translate it into a foreign language. In Polish names of medical institutions, this noun is used not only in the sense of an enterprise/institution or its part, but also as an element of statutory defined names. Based on Polish law, this article details the possible meanings of the noun zakład in Polish names of medical facilities. The knowledge of individual types of facilities and their scope of competence constitutes the basic knowledge of a translator, necessary for the correct translation of the names of medical facilities. The main research objective was to determine the issues of translating into German the Polish names of medical facilities containing the noun zakład based on the available workshop aids. First, the translations proposed by dictionaries and on translator forums were critically evaluated. However, due to the fact that these aids contain only the translation of selected components of the names of medical facilities, it was necessary to obtain the translations of full names. Therefore, an attempt was made to determine whether the translators took into account the different meanings of the word zakład in the individual names, on the basis of ordered translations of selected names of medical institutions made by professional translators.
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ЛИНГВОДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПЕРЕВОДА ЮРИДИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИИ

75%
LEVITAN K.
Comparative Legilinguistics
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2011
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vol. 7
9-22
PL
Praca przedstawia lingwistyczno-dydaktyczne podejście do nauczania przekładu prawniczego oparte na analizie porównawczej pojęć zakorzenionych kulturowo i typowych dla danego krajowego systemu prawa. Autor szczegółowo omawia cechy charakterystyczne języka prawa i komunikacji prawniczej, przekładu prawniczego, w tym trudności związanych z tłumaczeniem terminologii prawnej i prawniczej, kompetencji tłumacza prawniczego oraz metodologii nauczania przekładu prawniczego. W artykule zostały omówione metody i techniki stosowane do poszerzania kompetencji translatorskich studentów w celu nauczenia ich metod konceptualizacji świata języka prawa i i stymulowania przyszłego rozwoju kompetencji zawodowych i kreatywności.
EN
The paper presents a linguodidactic approach to teaching legal translation based on the comparative analysis of national and cultural concept spheres, contacting in the learning process. Peculiarities of legal language and professional communication in the sphere of law, specific features of legal translation, components of legal translation competence, difficulties connected with the translation of legal terms, and strategic and methodological issues of teaching law terminology translation including phraseological units are analyzed in detail. The author describes the methods and techniques which extend the students conceptions of sociocultural context, in which the target language is used by native speakers. To provide the equivalent translation of legal texts, the students must take into consideration the specific character of national law systems, use the right translation transformations, and find relevant legal terms. The main purpose of the translation is to bring together two conceptual pictures of the world. It is supposed that such an approach can help students to learn the new ways of world conceptualization and will stimulate the self-devolopment of future translators, fostering their professional skills and creativity.
RU
В статье излагается лингводидактическая концепция обучения юридическому переводу, основанная на использовании сопоставительного анализа национально-культурных концептосфер, контактирующих в учебном процессе. Анализируются особенности языка права и профессиональной коммуникации в сфере права, специфика юридического перевода, составные элементы профессиональной компетентности юриста-переводчика, трудности перевода юридических терминов, стратегические и методические вопросы обучении студентов переводу юридической терминологии, включая фразеологические единицы. Предлагаемая методика обучения юридическому переводу расширяет представления студентов о социально-культурном контексте использования иностранного юридического языка его носителями. Чтобы обеспечить эквивалентный перевод юридических текстов, студенты должны учитывать специфику национальных правовых систем, использовать необходимые переводческие трансформации и находить релевантные юридические термины. Главная цель перевода: сблизить две концептуальные картины мира. Предполагается, что такой подход поможет студентам овладеть новыми способами концептуализации юридической действительности и будет способствовать развитию переводческой компетентности, профессиональных умений, лингвокреативных способностей будущих переводчиков.
8
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Oleksander Finkel in the History of Ukrainian Translation Studies

75%
Rysicz‑Szafraniec, Julia
Slavia Orientalis
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2021
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vol. LXX
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issue 2
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