Search results

1

Strengthening infrastructure in management of drug resistant tuberculosis in India

100%

Shrivastava S., Shrivastava P., Ramasamy J.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

277-279

XX

The emergence of resistance to first-line drugs used to treat tuberculosis (TB) has become a significant public health concern and an obstacle in implementation of effective TB control activities globally. In India, Revised National TB Control Program (RNTCP) introduced the programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT) services to address the needs of MDR-TB patients. To execute the plan with perfection, RNTCP has devised MDR suspect criteria – A, B, and C so that gradually PMDT services can be extended to the whole country. These criteria were framed to run in tandem with the strengthening of the laboratory services so that the existing certified laboratories can carry out the culture and DST services without being overburdened. Altogether, RNTCP is committed for the strengthening and capacity building of its resources to offer culture and DST services right at the time of diagnosis.

2

Cervical lymphadenitis as a result of (Hijab) pin prick in north of Jordan

100%

Mahmoud M. Gharaibeh M. M., Ahmed Al Wadiya A. A., Ahmad Gharaibeh A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2020

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issue 4

286-288

EN

Introduction. Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. Hijab is a head cover worn by some Muslim women in the presence of any adult male outside of their immediate family, which usually covers the head, neck and chest. It is strictly forbidden to Muslim woman to unveil any single hair of her head, so they use many pins around the head to fix their Hijab. Often, while using pins they are self-pricked. Aim. The main aim of our work is to reveal a new cause of lymphadenopathy, which is not known till now. Material and methods. Retrospective study during the past five years among seventy-five female outpatients, visited our Oral and Maxillofacial clinic in dental department. Our data was collected according to medical history of patients; all female patients with cervical lymphadenopathy were using (A hijab). Results. Data collected of 75 female patients. Lymphadenopathy causes were various. Most of these causes resulted from nonspecific lymphadenitis (67 patients), 4 tuberculosis, 2 lymphoma, 2 cat scratch disease. Aetiology of 67 nonspecific lymphadenitis was 40 patients of dental cause, 10 of sore throat, 7 of acne vulgaris, 3 of mild facial injuries, and 7 of (Hijab pin pricks). Conclusion. Hijab pin prick cervical lymphadenitis in Islamic communities is not uncommon and, unexplained cervical lymphadenitis should be considered as potential cause

3

O życiu i działalności naukowej Eugenii Piaseckiej-Zeylandowej

100%

Siciński H.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2018

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vol. 8

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issue 1

67-71

PL

Artykuł przedstawia życie i działalność badawczą Eugenii Piaseckiej-Zeylandowej, wybitnej znawczyni problematyki prątka gruźlicy, docent Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego. Dla historii medycyny szczególną wartość mają informacje o jej ostatnich latach życia.

EN

The article describes Eugenia Piasecka-Zeylandowa, her life and research on the tubercle bacillus. Piasecka-Zeylandowa, reader of Poznan University, was an outstanding expert of issues of tuberculosis and BCG vaccination. This article provides information on her last years

4

Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

100%

Balaji Zacharia B., Antony Roy A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2019

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issue 3

262-269

EN

Introduction. Tuberculosis is one of the oldest infections known to mankind. Of all infectious diseases, tuberculosis causes the most fatalities of any infection. The incidence of tuberculosis on the rise due to the increased prevalence of HIV infection. The incidence of drug resistance strains of mycobacterium is also on the rise. When the mycobacterium is resistant to both INH and rifampicin it is called multi drug resistant tuberculosis. There is a primary and an acquired type of drug resistance. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis is a not only a problem for the patient but also for society at large. The treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis requires an entirely different approach. Aim. In this review, we are going to describe the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, investigations and treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis. Material and methods. Analysis of the current literature. Results. Genetic factors, previous treatment, and other factors predisposes the onset of drug resistance. By early detection and prevention of spread of drug resistant strains we can prevent the spread of resistant strains. Conclusion. Drug resistance in tuberculosis is a very complex and dangerous problem. We have to prevent the development and spread of MDRTB. Good quality drugs should be used and made available to all sections of the population. Enhancing the National tuberculosis programs is the best way to attain an effective way to control this menace.

5

Knowledge and practices about Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program among clinicians of a medical college in India: A cross-sectional study

100%

RamBihariLal Shrivastava S., Saurabh Shrivastava P., Ramasamy J.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2013

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vol. 3

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issue 1

94-103

EN

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a major global health problem, causing an estimated 8.8 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths during 2010. The role of private sector in countering this global problem cannot be underestimated. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of two months duration (February – March 2013) was conducted among all the clinical teaching faculty of various departments of a private Medical College in Kancheepuram district. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was designed after thoroughly studying the Revised National TB Control Program (RNTCP) training modules (Modules 1-4). All the study participants were administered the questionnaire after obtaining their informed consent. Data entry and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. Results: Out of the 51 study participants only 4(7.8%) were trained in RNTCP. Almost 28(54.9%) participants wrongly responded that three sputum examinations are recommended for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Approximately, half 25(49%) of the clinicians could not correctly ascertain the duration of treatment of TB . Conclusions: As the private sector plays a significant role in diagnosis of a major proportion of TB cases, the RNTCP cannot afford to disregard this sector. The study findings demonstrate wide gaps in knowledge about RNTCP guidelines among clinical faculties. The findings of the study should be an eye-opener for the health policy makers and program managers. Need of the hour is to train all private sector doctors in RNTCP and motivate them to comply with RNTCP guidelines.

6

Recenzja: Tuberculosis and War. Lessons Learned from World War II, eds. John F. Murray, Rober Loddenkemper, Progress in Respiratory Research Vol. 43, Series Editor Felix J. F. Herth. KARGER Basel 2018, ss. 232, il., ISSN 1422-2140, eISSN 1662-3932, ISBN 978-3-318-06094—2, e-ISSN 978-3-318-06095-9

100%

Magowska A.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2018

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vol. 8

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issue 1

99-100

PL

Recenzja

EN

Review

7

Haiguse kujutamine luuletaja Ilmi Kolla kirjades

88%

Annuk E.

Mäetagused

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2010

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vol. 45

39-52

EN

Private letters are the least researched genre of autobiographical writings. Irrespective of this fact, letters can indeed offer abundant research material about the ailing person’s perceptions of the disease and how he/she depicts this in writing. The article dwells upon the depiction of disease, based on the letters by Ilmi Kolla (1933–1954), using the concept of (auto)pathography as an analytical means. The focus is on how the illness is being textualised in letters and how the epistolary genre affects such a depiction. Ilmi Kolla’s letters reflect the progress of her disease, presenting this from the author’s viewpoint, yet adapting it according the addressees – e.g., Ilmi Kolla’s letters to her mother are written in a more optimistic tone regarding her illness than the ones to poet Debora Vaarandi expressing greater concern. The letters reveal various facets of the disease and her state of mind with regard to the illness, presenting a picture of sanatorium and hospital treatment. In line with the growing severity of Ilmi Kolla’s disease, the illness becomes gradually more visible in her letters, encompassing increasing textual space. Thus, the ailment has become one of the main topics in I. Kolla’s letters sent from the hospital during the last six months of her life. The fact that letters tend to be fragmentary texts separated from each other by a temporal-spatial distance becomes evident in the narrative of disease constructed by the letters. Although such an illness narrative lacks coherence intrinsic of a traditional linear autobiographic text, such a life history or a diary, an epistolary story of an illness can be studied from the viewpoint of auto-pathography as the letters create an autobiographic description of the illness. As unpublished texts, letters can both reflect and oppose the discourses of the time. The depiction of the disease, and that of an ailing body, revealed in Ilmi Kolla’s letters, functions as a counter-discourse to the body image of the Stalinist era, which highlighted a healthy, strong and powerful female body. As such, the reflection of the disease in the letters actually brings out the cultural and gender-wise meanings related to the disease, highlighting the illness as a cultural construct.

8

Unfinished first-line tuberculosis treatment in primary care in Indonesia

88%

Asyary A., Mahendradhata Y.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2019

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issue 2

185-188

EN

Background. Unfinished tuberculosis (TB) treatment has slowly but surely become an unexpected event in the disease’s development into drug-resistant TB. Developing countries, mostly comprised of Asian and Eastern European countries, including Indonesia, have been overwhelmed in preventing drug-resistant TB outcomes and have also failed to avoid the development of this disease. Objectives. This review discusses the current issue of an unfinished first-line TB treatment strategy in primary care in Indonesia, presenting some relevant strategies in developing countries. Material and methods. A narrative review approach conducted on all existing evidence in selected scientific bibliographic sources. The researchers defined the keywords based on the research question as a search strategy. Results. Scarce resources and limited access, alongside national policy on TB control and management, contribute in different ways to impede first-line TB treatment in Indonesia. Empowerment of TB patients and their families are considered the best ways to increase awareness on TB medication in a low- to middle-income setting. The role of the hospital and private practitioner networks in the treatment and management of TB patients is essential for developing active-case-finding-approach programs for TB suspects in primary care in an Indonesian setting. Contrarily, the potential misunderstandings in TB treatment have led to peculiar events affected by poor surveillance systems for TB investigation contacts to prevent TB incidences in large populations. Conclusions. This study addressed the barrier of all stakeholders, particularly primary care, to achieve the Indonesian government’s goals of TB elimination by 2030 and zero TB findings by 2050

9

A study on the mycobacterial burden and phenotypic drug resistance pattern with reference to the GeneXpert Cycle Threshold values in pulmonary tuberculosis

88%

Kashyap B., Sarkar K., Singh K., Hyanki P.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2023

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issue 4

730-735

EN

Introduction and aim. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to prevent further transmission. The present study aimed to correlate cycle threshold values with smear microscopy and culture positivity, and determine cut-off cycle threshold values for levels of smear grade and culture positivity. Material and methods. Forty presumptive cases of pulmonary TB were included and subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen stain, culture on Lowenstein Jensen media, CBNAAT and drug susceptibility testing for first line anti-tubercular drugs. Results. Our study predicts 3+, 2+, and 1+ sputum smear grade at a cut-off of Ct value ≤ 16.74, ≤19.68, and ≤ 22.32 respectively. A strong positive correlation was found between time to culture positivity and Ct value. A cut-off of Ct value ≤22.32 predicts culture positivity with a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 67%. None of the isolates showed rifampicin resistance by 1% proportion method. Conclusion. Understanding the appropriate utilization of CBNAAT Ct values and their correlation with smear microscopy grade, culture, and drug susceptibility testing can assist clinicians in early identification and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment. This knowledge can contribute to the prevention of drug resistance, reduced transmission, and a decreased disease burden associated with TB.

10

Living in the Corpse. Functions of Tuberculosis and Forms of Its Representation in Croatian Literature and Culture in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century

87%

Vuković T.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2017

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issue 13

PL

In the second half of the 19th century, social development based on science, technological innovation, rationalism and capitalist economy presents itself as full of promise insofar as it proclaims the upcoming progress of civilization. The downside of this process is the increase in crime, massive neurosis, various forms of moral disorder, and the epidemics of somatic diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis. Consequently, the perception of the new generation as degenerate is actually the way to articulate anxiety in the culture of the time. Croatian literature at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century frequently refers to illness, bodies burdened by drives, and to sick, tense or perverted minds. The paper, therefore, reads tuberculosis as a metaphor for the discontent and fear that permeate the contemporary Croatian society due to, for instance, the failure of the traditional concept of identity, changed gender roles, frequent sexual transgressions, increased mortality and generally due to the inefficiency of modernization processes in solving numerous social problems and crises.

11

Szczepienia przeciw ospie prawdziwej oraz przeciw gruźlicy w opiniach lekarzy polskich w świetle wybranych tytułów polskiego czasopiśmiennictwa lekarskiego (1801–1900)

75%

Adamowicz A., Płonka-Syroka B.

Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki

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2018

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vol. 27

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issue 1(52)

157-204

EN

This article discusses the Polish doctors’ views on the issue of smallpox vaccine and tuberculosis vaccine. The cognitive aim of the study was to present the history of introducing both vaccines on the territory of Europe, show the Polish doctors’ opinions on this background and catch the similarities and differences in attitudes to both vaccines. Important factor is that smallpox vaccine was introduced before formulating the standard of microbiology, whereas tuberculosis vaccine was introduced after formulating this standard. Smallpox vaccine was introduced on the territory of Poland in 1801. Thanks to its effectiveness, the vaccine became a regular part of the prevention of infectious diseases. Polish doctors have frequently taken the subject of vaccination in periodicals, writing not only about its advantages and values, but also about many issues related to it. Tuberculin was accepted by the medical community as a revelation and miracle drug. However, after several months of trials, it exposed its imperfections, such as some complications (deterioration of the patient’s condition, death) and no cases of complete cure. For these reasons tuberculin was criticized by doctors and withdrawn from use.

12

Palaeopathology and its relevance to understanding health and disease today: the impact of the environment on health, past and present

75%

Roberts C. A.

Anthropological Review

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2016

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vol. 79

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issue 1

1-16

EN

This paper considers the discipline of palaeopathology, how it has developed, how it is studied, and what limitations present challenges to analysis. The study of disease has a long history and has probably most rapidly developed over the last 40-50 years with the development of methods, and particularly ancient pathogen DNA analysis. While emphasizing that palaeopathology has close synergies to evolutionary medicine, it focuses then on three ‘case studies’ that illustrate the close interaction people have had with their environments and how that has impacted their health. Upper and lower respiratory tract disease has affected sinuses and ribs, particularly in urban contexts, and tuberculosis in particular has been an ever present disease throughout thousands of years of our existence. Ancient DNA methods are now allowing us to explore how strains of the bacteria causing TB have changed through time. Vitamin D deficiency and ‘phossy jaw’ are also described, both potentially related to polluted environments, and possibly to working conditions in the industrial period. Access to UV light is emphasized as a preventative factor for rickets and where a person lives is important (latitude). The painful stigmatizing ‘phossy jaw’ appears to be a condition related to the match making industries. Finally, thoughts for the future are outlined, and two key concerns: a close consideration of ethical issues and human remains, especially with destructive analyses, and thinking more about how palaeopathological research can impact people beyond academia.

13

Přátelství s Robertem Klopstockem. Poslední léta Franze Kafky

75%

Čermák J.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2013

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vol. 5

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issue 1

51-60

EN

On the basis of correspondence between Franz Kafka and Robert Klopstock, which was recently published by the author, this study presents the last years and days in the life of Franz Kafka, his connections with his family and friends and particularly with Klopstock, a medical student, who became acquainted with Kafka in 1921 at the Matliary sanatorium in the Tatras and with whom Kafka formed his last great friendship in life. Klopstock, who was himself literarily active, was very close to Kafka in the last years of his life; both were brought together by their intellectual interests. Kafka endeavoured to help Klopstock even materially, while Klopstock selflessly accompanied the writer in the last weeks of his life. This study also shows how classic medical ideas used in the treatment conflicted with Kafka’s own ideas and the efforts of his mistress Dora Diamantová, who advocated “natural cures”.

14

The disease and an immediate cause of death of Frederic Chopin

75%

Witt M.

Nauka

|

2021

|

issue 2

51%

Augereau C.

Quêtes littéraires

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2021

|

issue 11

134-146

EN

Often perceived as the result of empirical speculation, the sanatorium, intended for the treatment of tuberculosis patients in the first half of the 20th century, was at first sight a therapeutic utopia originating in the medical profession. In this enclosed space, it is the doctor that exercises the authority and their recommendations have the value of injunctions. However, a reversal of this order is depicted in two 20th-century novels: Les “Heures de silence” by the Swiss writer Robert de Traz (1884-1951), and Siloé by Paul Gadenne (1907-1956), a French author who was himself a regular visitor to such care institutions. In these works, the unity of place - the sanatorium - becomes a convenient device for questioning the world of the healthy on three levels: the ego, the relationship to others and the relationship to natural space. Because the "tubercular condition" neutralises the differences between individuals, it questions the primacy of health and paradoxically outlines a balanced lifestyle based on the idiorhythmic alternation between solitude, social life and immanence.

FR

Souvent perçu comme le fruit de spéculations empiriques, le sanatorium, destiné dans la première moitié du XXe siècle à la prise en charge des tuberculeux, se présente de prime abord comme une utopie thérapeutique émanant du corps médical. Dans ce lieu clos s’exerce en effet l’autorité du docteur, dont les préconisations ont valeur d’injonctions. Pourtant, deux romans, Les « Heures de silence », de l’écrivain suisse Robert de Traz (1884-1951) et Siloé, de Paul Gadenne (1907-1956), auteur français qui fut lui-même un habitué des établissements de soins, mettent en scène un renversement. Dans ces œuvres, l’unité de lieu sanatoriale devient en effet un artifice commode pour questionner le monde des bien-portants à trois niveaux : l’ego, la relation aux autres et le rapport à l’espace naturel. Parce que la « condition tuberculeuse » pondère les différences entre les individus, elle remet en cause le primat de la santé et esquisse paradoxalement un mode de vie équilibré, fondé sur l’expérience idiorythmique de l’alternance entre solitude, vie sociale et immanence.

Refine search results

Strengthening infrastructure in management of drug resistant tuberculosis in India

Cervical lymphadenitis as a result of (Hijab) pin prick in north of Jordan

O życiu i działalności naukowej Eugenii Piaseckiej-Zeylandowej

Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

Knowledge and practices about Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program among clinicians of a medical college in India: A cross-sectional study

Recenzja: Tuberculosis and War. Lessons Learned from World War II, eds. John F. Murray, Rober Loddenkemper, Progress in Respiratory Research Vol. 43, Series Editor Felix J. F. Herth. KARGER Basel 2018, ss. 232, il., ISSN 1422-2140, eISSN 1662-3932, ISBN 978-3-318-06094—2, e-ISSN 978-3-318-06095-9

Haiguse kujutamine luuletaja Ilmi Kolla kirjades

Unfinished first-line tuberculosis treatment in primary care in Indonesia

A study on the mycobacterial burden and phenotypic drug resistance pattern with reference to the GeneXpert Cycle Threshold values in pulmonary tuberculosis

Living in the Corpse. Functions of Tuberculosis and Forms of Its Representation in Croatian Literature and Culture in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century

Szczepienia przeciw ospie prawdziwej oraz przeciw gruźlicy w opiniach lekarzy polskich w świetle wybranych tytułów polskiego czasopiśmiennictwa lekarskiego (1801–1900)

Palaeopathology and its relevance to understanding health and disease today: the impact of the environment on health, past and present

Přátelství s Robertem Klopstockem. Poslední léta Franze Kafky

The disease and an immediate cause of death of Frederic Chopin

Ciało fortepianu – artykulacja doświadczenia cielesnego w korespondencji Fryderyka Chopina

Entre liberdade individual e saúde coletiva: saberes e práticas em caso de descontinuidade do tratamento da tuberculose

Odmowa lub opóźnienie szczepień obowiązkowych noworodków.

Nieznośna kruchość bytu – literatura Młodej Polski wobec chorób ciała i ducha

Powstanie i działalność zakładu leczniczego dla dzieci chorych na gruźlicę („skrofulicznych”) w Zakopanem od kwietnia 1917 roku do lutego 1922 roku

Une « Babel » moderne dans les cimes : cité sanatoriale et utopie thérapeutique dans Les « Heures de silence » de Robert de Traz et dans Siloé de Paul Gadenne