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EN
The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between staff work engagement and their turnover intention in the context of staff gender. For this purpose, a quantitative survey (N = 123) was conducted with a group of young respondents from a variety of companies in Poland. Correlation and moderation analysis was conducted. The conceptual framework of the planned behaviour model was applied. It was found that gender is a moderator of the effect of work engagement on the intention to leave a job. For women, higher work engagement translates into lower willingness to quit than for men. The sample was not statistically representative. The article deepens the understanding of the determinants of willingness to leave a job. It analyses work engagement as a predictor of leaving a job and points out the role of gender in this process. Practical implications are the following: building tools to increase work engagement in young employees, taking into account differences between men and women.
PL
Celem badania było sprawdzenie zależności między zaangażowaniem w pracę personelu a chęcią do odejścia z pracy w kontekście płci pracowników. W tym celu przeprowadzono badanie ilościowe (N = 123) w grupie młodych respondentów z różnorodnych przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. Przeprowadzono analizę korelacji i moderacji. Zastosowano ramy koncepcyjne modelu planowanych zachowań. Ustalono, że płeć jest moderatorem wpływu zaangażowania w pracę na chęć odejścia z niej. Dla kobiet większe zaangażowanie w pracę przekłada się na mniejszą chęć odejścia niż dla mężczyzn. Próba nie była statystycznie reprezentatywna. Artykuł pogłębia poznanie uwarunkowań chęci odejścia z pracy. Przeanalizowano zaangażowanie w pracę jako poprzednik odejścia z pracy i wskazano na rolę płci w tym procesie. Praktyczne implikacje: budowanie narzędzi do zwiększania zaangażowania w pracę u młodych pracowników, z uwzględnieniem różnic między kobietami a mężczyznami.
EN
BackgroundTurnover rates among nurses are much higher than in other professions. This poses a challenge for health managers in all countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting nurses’ turnover and the differences in this area between Iran and Poland.Material and MethodsIn this descriptive cross-sectional study, the population consisted of nurses working in state-owned hospitals in Poland (N = 165) and in Iran (N = 200). Data were collected using the Turnover Intention Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, the Work–Family Conflict Scale and the Workplace Support Scale. Use was made of the AMOS 24 and SPSS 22 software for data analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the predicted factors of nurses’ turnover intention in Poland and Iran were different. Workplace support and job satisfaction can reduce turnover intention among Polish nurses while the work–family conflict influences nurses’ turnover intention in Iran.ConclusionsProviding a flexible work plan in Iranian hospitals and enhancing teamwork and improving the spirit of cooperation in Polish hospitals could reduce nurses’ turnover intention in these 2 countries.
EN
Objectives The first aim of the study reported in this article was to test the factorial structure of job-related affect in a Polish sample. The second aim was to develop the Polish adaptation of the Warr’s job-related affective well-being measure published in 1990, which is designed to assess 4 types of affect at work: anxiety, comfort, depression, enthusiasm. Material and methods A longitudinal study design with 2 measurement times was used for verifying the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the measure. The final sample consisted of 254 Polish employees from different professions. Participants were asked to fill in a set of questionnaires consisting of measures capturing job-related affective well-being, mood, and turnover intention. Results The first step of analysis was to test the theoretically-based structure of the job-related affective well-being measure in a Polish sample. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a 4-factor model best describes the structure of the measure in comparison to 5 alternative models. Next, reliability of this measure was assessed. All scales achieved good internal consistency and acceptable test-retest reliability after 2 weeks. Finally, the convergent and discriminant validity as well as the criterion and predictive validity of all job-related affective well-being scales was confirmed, based on correlations between job-related affect and mood as well as turnover intention. Conclusions The results suggest that the Polish adaptation of Warr’s job-related affective well-being measure can be used by scientists as well as by practitioners who aim at assessing 4 types of affective well-being at a work context. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(4):429–443
EN
Research background: Faculties of private universities are under immense working pressure, which causes stress and burnout. The job burnout triggers the psychological pressure, which increases the turnover intention.  Purpose of the article: The undertaken study aims to evaluate the scale of burnout with its three-element model, which affects faculty members of private universities of Pakistan. This research also aims to examine the mediating effect of organizational commitment (e.g., affective, normative & continuance commitments), and moderating influence of subjective vitality in a relationship of job burnout and its constituents, for example exhaustion, efficacy & cynicism, and the turnover intention. Methods: The 712 responses were collected through a structured questionnaire from the junior and senior faculty members of private universities of Pakistan. The data was examined by using second order partial least square - structural equation approach - PLS-SEM. Findings & value added: The research findings exhibited that emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy have a direct significant influence on job burnout. The findings further demonstrated that the job burnout has a cogent and negative impact on faculty turnover intention. The findings demonstrated that elements of organizational commitment (e.g., normative, affective & continuance commitments) have a forceful serial mediating influence between burnout & its constituents for example exhaustion, efficacy & cynicism, and turnover intention. Finally, the findings have revealed that subjective vitality has a significant and positive impact as a moderating variable in a relationship between job burnout and turnover intention. This research has a long-term theoretical contribution, as it provides a novel conceptual framework, which can be replicated in different industries. Thus, this unique model provides the solution to reduce employees' turnover for other industries as well. 
EN
The concept of authentic leadership refers to high ethical standards, sincerity and open communication in organizations. The aim of the presented paper was to test factorial structure and validity of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ). Two studies were conducted on two Polish samples: longitudinal Study 1 on a sample of employees of different professions and cross-sectional Study 2 on nurses. Four alternative models were tested with the use of confirmatory factor analysis. The four-factor model based on the short 13-items version of the ALQ was revealed to fit the data best. The four ALQ dimensions: leader self-awareness, relational transparency, internalized moral perspective and balanced processing were confirmed in both samples. Analysis of relationships between authentic leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention and burnout in followers confirmed concurrent and predictive validity of the short version of the measure.
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