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Risk factors and the incidence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children from the southern part of Poland

100%
Katarzyna Dereń K., Sara Jarmakiewicz S., Aneta Sokal A., Edyta Łuszczki E., Elżbieta Motyka E., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Regina Kowal R., Artur Mazur A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|
2018
|
issue 2
97-102
EN
Introduction. In recent years there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in humans. It turns out that the problem is not limited to adults; excessive body weight is occurring in children more often. Aim. The main purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children from the Rzeszów district, and to determine risk factors for occurrence. Materials and survey method. The study was conducted among 200 preschool children (3 - 6 years of age) from the Rzeszów poviat area. Measurements of height, weight, and determination of BMI were performed and these values are standardized according to the WHO centile grids appropriate for each age group. Survey results. Normal weight was observed in 58% of the respondents, 11% were overweight, and 10.5% were obese, whereas 20.5% of children had undernourishment. Obese children were the largest group among 6-year-olds. Among 4 year old children, abnormal body weight were more frequent in boys. On the other hand, in children aged 5 years, undernourishment or overweight was found more frequently in girls. Conclusions. The study did not confirm a significant relationship between gender, place of residence and socio-economic situation of respondents, and the prevalence of overweight or obesity. The results of this study indicate that the problem of excessive body weight refers to the increasing number of children.
2
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Buying Food for a Hungry Person in Poland: A Case of an Internet Discussion

75%
Kanasz T.
Studies in Global Ethics and Global Education
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2016
|
issue 6
54-67
EN
The goal of this paper is to investigate the communication emotions used by internet users when facing a situation in whichwhen a needy person asks for food; and, as well as to explore socio-emotional discourse practices for constructing a cultural image of a giver and a receiver of help. The results are discussed in light of Arlie Russel Hochschild’s concept of the emotion management and feeling rules and Candance Clark’s concept of sympathy margin.
3
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Food security situation of selected highly developed countries against developing countries

51%
Karolina P.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
|
2016
|
issue 2(40)
385-398
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the food security situation in selected highly developed countries and to identify consumption disparities between them and developing countries. The research is based on the data from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat), the United Nations Statistics Division, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Food Programme (WFP) and selected measures used by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) for the construction of the Global Food Security Index. It has been showed that to the greatest extent the problem of maintaining food security occur in developing countries which are characterised by low per capita income, while in developed countries the scale of hunger is marginal and it afflicts less than 1% of the population. On a regional scale the daily dietary energy supply is greater than the minimum dietary energy requirement in all regions of the world, but the extent to which the dietary needs are satisfied increases along with the increase in national income. In order to reduce the problem of hunger it is necessary to solve the problem of asymmetrical distribution of global income, e.g. by taking actions to accelerate the economic growth in less developed regions and increase the purchasing power of the population.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sytuacji wyżywieniowej wybranych krajów wysokorozwiniętych i określenie dysproporcji występujących w tym zakresie pomiędzy nimi i państwami rozwijającymi się. W badaniach wykorzystano dane Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych ds. Wyżywienia i Rolnictwa (FAO), Urzędu Statystycznego Wspólnot Europejskich (Eurostat), Wydziału Statystyki ONZ, Organizacji Współpracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (OECD), Światowego Programu Żywnościowego (WFP) oraz wybrane mierniki cząstkowe stosowane przez Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) przy konstrukcji Światowego Indeksu Bezpieczeństwa Żywnościowego (Global Food Security Index). Wskazano, że z największym nasileniem problemy z utrzymaniem bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego występują w krajach rozwijających się, o niskim poziomie dochodów per capita, natomiast w krajach wysokorozwiniętych głód ujawnia się w skali marginalnej, dotykając niespełna 1% populacji. W wymiarze regionalnym spożycie energii przewyższa minimalne dzienne zapotrzebowanie na nią we wszystkich regionach świata, ale stopień zaspokojenia potrzeb żywnościowych zwiększa się wraz ze wzrostem dochodu narodowego. Zredukowanie problemu głodu wymaga rozwiązania problemu asymetrycznego podziału dochodu świata, m.in. przez podjęcie działań prowadzących do przyspieszenia wzrostu gospodarczego opóźnionych regionów i zwiększenia siły nabywczej ludności.
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