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Konserwacja wielkich zabytków antycznych Rzymu w latach 1981-1987

100%

Stępień P.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1988

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issue 4

235-243

EN

Basing on the information compiled during his fellowship abroad, the author describes conservation work done on monuments of architecture of ancient Rome, belonging to two groups. The first of them covers large monuments in marble: columns, triumphal archs, and relics of temples. The work is done by teams of Bruno Zanardi (Trajan’s Column), Carlo Giantomassi (Constantine’s Arch), Roberto Nardi (Arch of Septimius Severus), Angelo and Marina Alessandri (Hadrianeum), Gianluigi Collalucci (Temple of Kastor and Polluks), Sabina Vedovello — CBC (Column of Marcus Aurelius), all of them supervised by Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma and Istituto Centrale del Restauro. A long period of documentation and research work (5 years) allowed for a thorough analysis of conservation problems. One of the most important tasks was to identify "one colour’’ layers on the surface of the stone that played a protective function and contained calcium oxalate. Proper conservation work carried out since 1986 includes cleansing of the surface of marble (methods employed include nebulization, atomization, alkaline dressings, minute micro sand-blasting), consolidation (on a large scale by means of traditional lime technology and in some chosen places — acryl resins and esthers of silicon acid) as well as minor make-ups of the missing parts (based mainly on lime mortars). As yet no final decision has been taken up with regard to surface protection; still, the use of traditional or modified lime coatings gets more and more advocates. The second group of structures are ruins of large ancient structures, of which merely constructional bricked walls have been preserved. Conservation work done in recent years has covered, i.a., Baths of Diocletian, Baths of Caracallo, Colosseum, ruins of palace complexes of Palatine and the adjoining aqueduct, a temple of Roma and Venus. In the first place the work covered filling-up of bricked facings and makina of protective layers on the crowning of walls at the vaultings using traditional techniques and marking unobtrusively reconstructed places. The work discussed reflects characteristic changes in conservation practice: come-back to traditional technologies (following a period in which synthetic preparations dominated) and a proper appreciation a new of the role of protective layers. It seems that these trends will prevail in the coming years as well.

2

Dekoracja malarska na sklepieniu kolegiaty pułtuskiej : odkrycie, konserwacja, rozwiązanie artystyczno-estetyczne

67%

Stawicki S.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2002

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issue 3-4

326-338

EN

The painted decoration embellishing the vault of the collegiate church in Pułtusk is one of the largest in Poland and totals about 700 sq. metres without the frieze (composed of architectural niches), which constitutes the lower part of the vault supported directly by northern and southern abutments. The polychrome was executed after 1551, the year of signing a contract with Master Wojciech of Warsaw. The vault polychrome assumed the form of stylised rosettes, fleurons and portrait-heads, inserted into the architectural-decorative configuration of the vault, which constitutes a net made of the alternate onion-shaped and circular forms, creating the so-called Pułtusk vault. After a fire in 1613, the interior of the church, including the vault, was painted over in a uniform colour, probably imitating the firmament. During the almost 300 years-long history of the church, the vault was frequently painted over in a single hue for aesthetic and hygienic reasons. The same purpose, which was to be realised in 1994, led to the discovery of the polychrome, first mentioned already in the seventeenth century. Routine research preceding the intended painting of the church interior confirmed the existence of polychrome decorations on the vault and, as could be assumed from initial work, also on the frieze. The discovery and ensuing conservation were accompanied by considerable interest on the part of the mass media, especially the press. Numerous widely read journals and popular scientific periodicals quoted characteristic comments and accounts from assorted communiques and newspaper notes. The value of those statements and their editorial form leave much to be desired, although they reflect concern for the historical monument and a readiness to stimulate interest in the fate of national culture. The disclosure and conservation of the painted decoration in Pułtusk constituted a serious effort of conservators of art. Suffice to emphasise that almost 3 cubic metres of six to nine assorted worthless layers of paint and lime whitening were removed in the course of uncovering the original polychrome. The conception and realisation of the best possible artistic-aesthetic solution posed a separate problem associated with work after routine technical operations. The state of the preservation of the polychrome and the character of the interior of the collegiate church, as well as its historical value and tourist assets imposed a solution (retouching and the reconstruction of the missing parts of the polychrome) which rendered the painted decoration legible, at the same time preserving its authentic ideological, stylistic and artistic character.

3

Zagadnienie usunięcia nawarstwień z powierzchni kamiennego portalu z Ołbina

59%

Domasłowski W.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1965

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issue 3

29-34

FR

Sur la base des épreuves effectuées, il fut établi que le moyen le plus efficace d’enlèvement des couches des grès est l ’acdde fluorhydrique. On a également examiné l ’influence qu’exerce cet acide et le temps de la saturation sur la résistance mécanique des grès d’un liant silicique, argildque et calcaire. Il fut constaté qu’assortissant les paramètres appropriés (concentration, durée), on peut non seulement enlever les couches mais également accroître la résistance des gîrès. En outre, il fut établi que le fluorure de calcium qui se forme en résultat de la réaction de l ’acide avec le liant calcaire n’exerce aucune influence sur l'augmentation de la résistance. Une hypothèse fut posée que le phénomène observé provient en résultat de la précipitation de la silice hydratée sur les grains de sable qui se forme en conséquence de l’hydrolyse du quadrifluorure du silicium. En cas de la désintégration du grès, l ’acide fluorhydrique n ’exerce aucune action de consolidation. Les essais de la purification de la pierre effectués à l ’aide de l’acide fluorhydrique (6°/o) (grès arcosiques d’un liant silico-argilique et silico-calcaire) du portail de l ’église Ste. Marie Madeleine donnèrent des résultats positifs. L’enlèvement des couches épaisses s ’est effectué sans endommagement de la surface de pierre.

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3 Ochrona Zabytków

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1 1965

Konserwacja wielkich zabytków antycznych Rzymu w latach 1981-1987

Dekoracja malarska na sklepieniu kolegiaty pułtuskiej : odkrycie, konserwacja, rozwiązanie artystyczno-estetyczne

Zagadnienie usunięcia nawarstwień z powierzchni kamiennego portalu z Ołbina