A few reflections on the use of the verbs ”andare”/”aller” and ”venire”/”venir” in Italian and French The aim of the present paper is to reflect on the use of basic verbs of movement ”andare”/”aller” i ”venire”/”venir”, which are often translated into Polish as “iść(jechać)/przyjść(przyjechać)”. The rules of usage of these verbs in Romance languages cannot be reduced, however, to a simple analogy to their Polish counterparts. When looking at ”andare”/”aller” i ”venire”/”venir” from a distinctive-contrastive point of view, the analysis makes use of numerous semantic, syntactic and pragmatic factors. As deictic verbs, they encompass such criteria as closeness/distance, presence/absence, both in the physical/effective dimension, but also the psychological or potential message, in relation to the sender and addressee. One cannot forget, at this point, about the role of the vector of movement performed by the interlocutors, as it has a great effect on the choice of the verb.
The article presents the differences in conceptualizing the idea of moving planned activities or events to a later time. The author of the article refers to the cognitive semantics and considers five Polish verbs: oddalić, odłożyć, odciągnąć, odsunąć and odwlec. The author uses lexicographical explanations and material gathered from the National Corpus of Polish Language and Internet.
This article analyses semantic structures of verbs of movement in Azerbaijani and Polish languages in currently available dictionaries. Fuzziness becomes clearly visible in differentiating various sememes in the structure of the content of the words. In bilingual dictionaries right, decal part periodically copies the left. Thus, units of the second language are described under the influence of the units of the first language. Comparison of verbs of movement in Azerbaijani and Polish languages shows that these verbs disproportionately affect asymmetry, but in Azerbaijani language it is conveyed more vividly. In both languages the basic sememe gives rise to metaphorical conceptualization and engagement in phrase formation based on the integration of a natural movement form. Analysis of the existing dictionaries indicates that the semantic structure of the verbs of movement1 is not always accurately revealed in the process of lexicographic description. Consequently, one of the directions of an exploratory research should be aimed at identifying discrepancies, their explanation and motivation of the proposed correction. In this article we’ll review an expression of sememe “crawl” in Azerbaijani and Polish languages.
The aim of this paper is to offer an analysis of the uses of the verb jít ‘go’ by non-native speakers of Czech. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis based on data drawn from the CzeSL corpus, we will point out the specifics of use of this important verb in the written communication of non-native speakers of Czech. This research is not concerned with error analysis, but instead focuses on the overall picture of semantic uses of this verb by non-native speakers of Czech. The resulting analysis should contribute to a methodical description of the teaching of the verb jít within the grammatical and lexical system of Czech for foreigners. The current paper is based on a learner corpus of Czech as a foreign language, the CzeSL-SGT (Czech as a Second Language). The CzeSL corpus contains 12,388 texts (960,000 words) and offers both linguistic and error annotation; the error annotation is based on two target hypotheses. From these texts, 5,785 occurrences of use of the verb jít were excerpted and analysed for their valency and semantic patterns, prepositional co-occurrence, collocation and lexical use. The results of the analysis are discussed in the context of the individual levels of the Common European Framework of Reference.
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