Search results - CEJSH

1

Wieś – miasto. Opozycje, antagonizmy, splątane narracje

100%

Wieruszewska M., Polska Akademia Nauk w Warszawie I. R. W. i. R.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2016

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vol. 22

EN

The subject of analysis are – various images, views, perceptions, meanings and interpretations of the countryside and towns in Europe. The terms, words and notions used in the description have a character of historical and spatial relations. The author compares the views of towns and countryside from the beginning of industrial era to nowadays. Examples quoted in the article and situations described by literature, also expressed in sociological, economical papers, as well as in popular opinions, have showed the changing statements in the matter. She draws the attention to the strong points of the village and the rural community. The statements in which towns (metropolitan areas) are considered the “natural” and the only direction for the social development are discussed in the paper.

2

Level of financial literacy of academic youth from rural areas in the Visegrad Group countries

100%

Szafrańska M.

Nauki o Finansach

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2019

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issue vol. 24 no. 3

46-58

EN

The aim of the study is to determine the level of financial literacy of academic youth from rural areas in the V4 Group countries, as well as to compare the results obtained with the level of financial literacy of young people from cities. The source of data used for analysis and inference were primary information obtained from own research (PAPI method, 900 people). The research used a set of questions to assess the level of financial literacy of adults proposed by the OECD INFE. In addition to primary sources, secondary sources were also used to achieve the goal. The measures of descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance (F) were used. The level of financial literacy was determined at the medium level, which may indicate the low effectiveness of financial education measures implemented at different levels of education. The component of financial literacy where students from rural areas had the lowest scores was basic financial knowledge. Only 43% of people from rural areas achieved the minimum target score.

3

Dzieje miejscowości i kościoła w Wieliczkach

100%

Guzowski Ł.

Studia Ełckie

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2011

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vol. 13

97-117

EN

The article aims at presenting the richness of the history of Wieliczki town and its region. Wieliczki, though it is a small town, was not saved by the currents of history. Many war storms and other catastrophes, which were experienced by its inhabitants, left the town ruined and destructed. Despite numerous natural and historical disasters the people of Wieliczki endured them, remained in their small fatherland, and produced many indelible marks of culture and art.

4

Przekaz ustny w rodzinie wiejskiej

100%

Żebrok P.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2021

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issue 62

305-316

EN

The study is intended to signal changes in the way of communication in a rural family, including the problem of shrinking or even disappearance of traditional oral communication. For centuries, this message has determined the transmission of broadly understood culture, including traditions and customs. At present, the spoken word, one of the typical features of peasant culture, is being forced out of family life for the sake of other forms of communication. The forum for exchanging thoughts, opinions or views has moved from the family table to the Internet, and the activity in conducting conversations is focused primarily on social media or various types of discussion forums.

5

Wiejskie szkoły ewangelickie w okolicach Łodzi w XIX wieku –ujęcie geograficzno-historyczne

100%

Cepil M., Figlus T.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2018

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vol. 24

125-136

EN

The article includes an attempt to investigate the origins and selected aspects of the activity, location, range of impact and physiognomy of rural evangelical schools, established near Łódź in the 19th century. Geographical and historical analyzes covered the educational facilities founded in the villages associated with the Olęder settlement and German colonization in the period of Southern Prussia. In the first part, the authors examined the issue of the functioning of evangelical schools in the light of archival sources. It made it possible to find many new facts and regularities. In the second part of the article an analysis of the spatial impact of schools was carried out, basic location types were identified and the contemporary state of preservation of the studied objects was determined.

PL

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6

Vesnice sedláků, hostů, nevolníků. K profilu venkova staršího středověku

100%

Žemlička J.

Historická geografie (Historical Geography)

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2021

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vol. 47

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issue 1

7-18

EN

We have lots of information about the look and forms of medieval villages, we know less about their social profile. As indicated by research, there were also villages where special citizen groups were concentrated in the Early Middle Ages, such as villages of peasants, serfs, fishermen, guests etc. (villae rusticorum, servorum, piscatorum, hospitorum).

7

Inteligencja wiejska w Polsce w latach 1945–1989

100%

Merta-Staszczak A., Straszak-Chandoha S.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2019

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vol. 25

123-133

EN

After 1945 a number of changes occurred in rural Poland in relation to the education of farmers and their families, and the role of education in the lives of rural residents. First of all, a new group of peasant intelligentsia was formed, coming from the peasant or working-class environment. It was to replace the earlier elites by working in the spirit of socialist ideas and supporting the development of the state. Due to the need to rebuild the country and increase the efficiency of agriculture, educators and agricultural advisors trained in cities were also directed to villages. Pursuant to the implemented education development programs, farmers’ children gained access to schools, and parities were created for them at universities. As a result, there was a greater chance for farmers to send their children to universities, but this required financial capabilities of the family, as well as the belief that the education acquired would mean social advancement. The purpose of the article is to analyze the structure of education and educational opportunities of rural residents during the People’s Republic of Poland.

8

Sytuacja gospodarcza wsi w powiecie tarnowskim w II Rzeczypospolitej

100%

Mierzwa P.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2019

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vol. 25

69-84

EN

The reborn Poland was a country with a definite dominance of the agricultural sector over other sectors of the national economy. The financial situation of the village had a huge impact on the development of the country’s economy. With a good situation in the agricultural sector, other areas of the economy could develop quickly. With the financial crisis in the 1930s – which the Polish village found itself in – other branches of the economy were also in a weak condition.

9

Profesor Bronisława Kopczyńska-Jaworska a badania wsi

100%

Kuźma I. B.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2017

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vol. 23

23-32

EN

This article concerns a fragment of research interests of the ethnographer from Lodz – professor Jaworska. In fact, Jaworska neither created the methodological theory of doing an ethnographical field research in a rural socio-cultural context nor the special theory connected with rural study, despite the fact that the most important area for her (in terms of science as well as her personal interests) were the Carpathian villages and the type of pastoral economy. The author of the text analyzes the letters of Jaworska written over 40 years, which reflect Jaworska’s attitude to her mountain field work carried out there as well as to the area itself.

PL

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10

Martin Jaroš - život obyčejného poddaného z Kročehlav

100%

Doležal O.

Národopisný věstník

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2009

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vol. 26_(68)

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issue 2

9-14

EN

The paper introduces the life of an ordinary villein Martin Jaroš who lived in the village of Kročehlavy. The description of his life story is based on a land register (started in 1607), which shows the potential of this kind of source to bear evidence of people’s lives. The land register does not provide any information about the childhood of Martin Jaroš, but it describes his adult life in detail. It discloses the fact that he acquired his surname Jaroš together with a homestead which he bought in 1584. Before that, his name was probably Němec. This homestead was the largest in the village, which might have been the reason why he did not manage to pay it off. In the year 1618 he left it to his son Jiří and took possession of an inn. He kept it until 1626 when he retired. He died probably between the years 1628-1629. In addition, we know about his four sons and his brother Václav. The author tries to show how valuable the information from a land register can be for the reconstruction of the life story of an ordinary villein.

11

Вобраз героя ў аповесцях Андрэя Федарэнкі (на аснове кніг Ланцуг і Ціша)

88%

Alsztyniuk A.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2018

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vol. Tom 4 Nr XXIII

7-17

EN

Andrey Fiedarenka (born in 1959) – author of the books: History of the disease (1989), Misery (1994), Afghan casket (2002), No one’s (2009), The Chain (2012), Silence (2014) and others, winner of many awards, including Jerzy Giedroyc Literary Award. The writer is considered a classic of Belarusian literature. In his artistic work, three basic types of heroes can be distinguished: inhabitants of villages, city dwellers and writers. The presentation of often difficult family relations, differences in characters and life priorities of the heroes become for A. Fiedarenka a pretext for deliberations on the subject of contemporary man’s life, his attitude towards people and nature. In his stories, the writer presents primarily people disappointed with life, lonely, seeking the sense of existence in contact with nature. Only hero-writers can be distinguished from the gallery of poor wretches.

12

Problemy z usystematyzowaniem wewnętrznego rozwarstwienia chłopstwa

88%

Galczak-Froch A.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2013

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vol. 18

156-170

EN

Sources of research and subject literature do not give a clear picture of differentiation of the peasantry in terms of financial status. The problem concerns both the amount of property owned by them (land and livestock) and place in the hierarchy. This fact is very much difficult, sometimes even impossible to study the layers of peasant and any generalizations about it. It seems that the only possible way to study the most populous state in the Republic is to track individual fates of individual units that make it possible not precise enough to qualify for the category of the peasantry, but observe the changes taking place in the financial status over time and associated with the action taken.

13

A Method for Evaluating the Peripherality of Rural Settlement Units Based on the Principles of Spatial Order and Sustainable Development

88%

Podciborski T., Krzywnicka I.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2015

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issue 1(39)

27-32

EN

The objective of this study was to propose a method for evaluating the peripherality of rural settlement units based on the principles of spatial order and sustainable development. Detailed goals involved the determination of evaluation indicators, a scoring system and evaluation principles based on the results of a questionnaire survey. The proposed method was verified on the example of three survey sites.

PL

W artykule zaproponowano metodę oceny stopnia peryferyjności jednostek osadniczych w aspekcie ładu przestrzennego i rozwoju zrównoważonego. Przedstawiono wskaźniki ewaluacyjne, syrtem scoringowy oraz zasady oceny oparte na badaniu ankietowym. Zaproponowana metoda została zweryfikowana na przykładzie trzej regionów.

14

Wieś gnieźnieńska w powstaniu Wielkopolskim 1918/1919

88%

Karwat J.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2022

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issue 24

165-185

EN

The paper outlines how the citizenry of the Gniezno countryside contributed in the Greater Poland Uprising, showing the key role that the region played in the victorious military action. The reader is acquainted with the leading insurgent figures and national activists of all municipalities of the then counties of Gniezno and Witkowo.

15

Możliwości edukacyjne i wychowawcze na obszarach wiejskich województwa dolnośląskiego na tle kraju

88%

Tarnowska A.

Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny

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2015

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issue 13 (19)

57-69

EN

In the period of 1999–2012 reform of education and administrative division of the country took place in Poland. The changes of educational infrastructure and its utiliza-tion in the Lower Silesia against Polish total was primarily analyzed. Particular attention was paid to rural areas, because education of their citizens clearly differs from the nation-al level. The aim of the study was to assess whether the young people of the village have educational opportunities similar to those of the people of the country in general and where the differences in the level of their education occur. The analysis included the education of children and youth from upbringing in nursery to finishing secondary education. Based on the CSO data demonstrated partial improvement of conditions and educational opportunities, including rural areas, where for example, majority of the children were covered by pre-school education.

16

Střetávání etnologie a historie. Na příkladu studia obyvatel vsi Kročehlavy v letech 1500-1800

88%

Doležal O.

Národopisný věstník

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2009

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vol. 26_(68)

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issue 1

197-202

EN

This article deals with encountering of history and ethnology during the study of the village of the past centuries. On the basis of the study itself I show how often I am obliged to use historical methods, in spite of the fact that I study the subject from the ethnological point of view. Kročehlavy was a small village in the 16th century. It consisted just of seven farmsteads. In the 17th century, two of those farmsteads had been bought for the needs of the manor-house. After the thirty Years’ War, the reconstruction proceeded very slowly. Manorial nobility rebuilt the manor-house and increased so the corvée. On account of the manor-house and the unsatisfactory remedy of the war damage, the area of the villiens’ farmsteads was reduced. simultaneously, the lord of the manor transferred the dues to the pastor of Kladno from the original farmsteads, that were transformed to the manor-house, to the villeins. However, these villeins refused it and rebelled against this practice.Their resistance was so great that they were expelled from the farmhouses, which were then occupied by the German colonists from the Broumov manor. During those turbulent circumstances, the farmland was divided into lots. this period was followed by peaceful development.

17

Życie codzienne we wsi Malnia w okresie międzywojennym: wybrana problematyka

88%

Herok M.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2020

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vol. 75

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issue 4

65-87

EN

The article presents selected aspects of everyday life in the Upper Silesian village of Malnia in the years 1918–1939. It attempts to show in what sphere of various symbols the inhabitants of the eponymous village lived, what cultural influences affected their everyday life and how they spent their time. Thus, the conditions under which their cultural identity was formed were depicted.

18

Rozwój szkolnictwa podstawowego w gminie Będzino w latach 1945–1954

87%

Skonieczny T.

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania

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2013

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issue 29

117-134

EN

The article is based on the archives portraying the formation process of Polish schools and cultural institutions as a result of the transformations of the educational system. It presents the condition of the teaching staff and the financial base related to the density of population. The author pays attention to such problems as the lack of staff, funds and equipment. He discusses the forms of co-operation with parents and the society, the participation in all-Polish actions organized by state authorities, especially in the action of fighting illiteracy. The supplement includes the schedule and the curriculum from those times. The article is concluded with the description of the end of the existence of the community of Będzino in its primitive, post-war shape.

PL

Education on the area of post-war community Będzino (1945–1954) The article is based on the archives portraying the formation process of Polish schools and cultural institutions as a result of the transformations of the educational system. It presents the condition of the teaching staff and the financial base related to the density of population. The author pays attention to such problems as the lack of staff, funds and equipment. He discusses the forms of co-operation with parents and the society, the participation in all-Polish actions organized by state authorities, especially in the action of fighting illiteracy. The supplement includes the schedule and the curriculum from those times. The article is concluded with the description of the end of the existence of the community of Będzino in its primitive, post-war shape.

19

Hmotná kultura a projevy mentality venkovské společnosti (Jižní Čechy, 17.-18. století)

75%

Grulich J., Matlas P.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2009

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vol. 96

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issue 1

1-34

EN

The text focuses on the problem of the material culture of the village in the seventeenth and eighteenth century. However, the main goal was not to reconstruct the complete material furnishings of the village homestead. This represents just one of the possible ways for approaching the inner spiritual life of the village population. The text is based on the empirical research of the archival sources. The archival information was subsequently confronted with the results of older scientific works with the same objectives. The text is composed as a case study based on the sources coming from four dominions of South Bohemia (Třeboň, Hluboká nad Vltavou, Protivín and Orlík nad Vltavou). As a main point of departure from the point of view of the heuristic were used inheritance inventories, supplemented by documents from the area of criminal law. From the point of view of the method, the work can be classified as microhistory. It makes use especially of the reflexive approaches of historical anthropology; in the realm of theory, it draws upon the “history from below” concepts. Even though the text is not apurely regional study, the authors do not aim to generalizations in the first place. They are well aware of the fact that the validity of some partial information cannot be carried over mechanically to other ethnographical areas.

20

KONSUMPCJA W WIEJSKICH GOSPODARSTWACH DOMOWYCH RODZICÓW SAMOTNIE WYCHOWUJĄCYCH DZIECI

75%

Laskowski W., Piekut M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2018

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vol. 45

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issue 3(528)

21-28

EN

The aim of the article was to present the differentiation of consumption in different types of incomplete rural single-parent households (single parents). The aim was also to create their own typology of biologically incomplete families with the exemplification of the level and structure of consumption in the types of households created. The source material was individual data from the survey of CSO household budgets for 2014. The determinants that had the strongest relationship with consumer spending were: disposable income per capita, level of head education and socioeconomic status of the household. Smaller influences on consumption were as variable as the age and gender of household heads.

PL

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie zróżnicowania konsumpcji w różnych typach wiejskich gospodarstw domowych rodziców samotnie wychowujących dzieci wyróżnionych ze względu na kryteria ekonomiczne, społeczne i demograficzne. Celem było także stworzenie własnej typologii rodzin biologicznie niepełnych zamieszkujących wieś z egzemplifikacją poziomu i struktury konsumpcji w utworzonych typach gospodarstw domowych. Materiał źródłowy stanowiły niepublikowane, indywidualne dane z badania budżetów gospodarstw domowych GUS za 2014 r. Determinantami mającymi najsilniejszy związek z wydatkami na dobra konsumpcyjne w wiejskich gospodarstwach domowych osób samotnie wychowujących dzieci okazały się: dochód rozporządzalny na osobę, poziom wykształcenia głowy domu oraz status społeczno-ekonomiczny gospodarstwa domowego. Natomiast mniejszą siłą związku cechowały się takie zmienne, jak wiek i płeć głowy domu.

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