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Eine neue bibliographische Sammlung zu europäischen Orts-, Flur- und Gewässernamen – Hinweise zur Benutzung

100%
Udolph J.
Onomastica
|
2021
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vol. 65
|
issue 1
83-98
EN
The article discusses a file with around 450,000 geographical names that has been freely accessible on the Internet for a few months. The title of this file is Nomina Geographica Europaea. Bibliographische Sammlung zu europäischen Orts-, Flur- und Gewässernamen reachable at the following Internet address: https://adw-verwaltung.uni-goettingen.de/ortsnames/images_lightbox.php/. The text describes the file in more detail. Its origin, principles and structure are outlined and refer- ence is made to the fact that its use is completely free and open to anyone interested. In the second part of the article, an example of the migration of Slavic tribes to the Balkans is intro- duced to show how the file with its large amount of data can be used: the collection of geographi- cal names allows, thanks to the information it contains, to create mappings, the results of which are important for the question of the routes by which Slavic tribes made their way south.
DE
In dem Beitrag geht es um eine seit einigen Monaten im Internet frei zugänglichen Datei von mit ca. 450.000 geographischen Namen. Sie ist mit dem Titel Nomina Geographica Europaea. Bibliographische Sammlung zu europäischen Orts-, Flur- und Gewässernamen unter der folgenden Internet-Adresse erreichbar: https://adw-verwaltung.uni-goettingen.de/ortsnamen/images_lightbox.php/. In dem Text wird die Datei näher beschrieben. Es werden Entstehung, Prinzipien und Aufbau näher umrissen und darauf verwiesen, dass die Nutzung völlig frei ist und für alle Interessierten offen steht.Im zweiten Teil des Beitrages wird an einem Beispiel, das der Wanderung slavischer Stämme auf den Balkan gezeigt, wie die Datei mit ihrer großen Fülle von Daten genutzt werden kann: die Sammlung der geographischen Namen erlaubt es dank der darin enthaltenen Angaben, Kartierungen zu erstellen, deren Ergebnisse für die Frage, auf welchen Wegen slavische Stämme den Weg nach Süden genommen haben, wichtig sind.
2

Nazwy wód płynących na Warmii i Mazurach powiązane etymologicznie z wyrazem młyn, niem. Mühle

80%
Biolik M.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2015
|
issue 17/2
5-19
EN
This works elaborates on the names of 46 objects, etymologically connected with the Polish lexeme młyn (mill) and German Mühle. Those include 24 Polish names and 43 German names. Most of them were created in the second half of the 19th century and in the first four decades of the 20th century. The water names which are etymologically connected with the Polish name mill are less differentiated. 8 names were repeated: Młyńska Struga, 4 times – Młyński Rów, 3 times Młynówka. German names that include the lexeme Mühle are typically composed -Mühlenfliess – Mühlen Fliess, Mühlenbach – Mühlen Bach, Mühlengraben – Mühlen Graben and Mühlen Kanal, in which the part Mühle was enlarged by names: Fliess, Bach, Graben, Kanal. Among them 15 objects had the name: Mühlenfliess / Mühlen Fliess, 8 objects: Mühlengraben / Mühlen Graben and 2 objects: Mühlenbach / Mühlen Bach. Polish and German names in the territory were also enlarged by names of localities for example the name of the village situated nearby the water stream or the mill built upon its bank.
3
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Expansion slavischer Stämme aus namenkundlicher und bodenkundlicher Sicht

61%
Udolph J.
Onomastica
|
2016
|
vol. 60
215-231
EN
Geographical names are extremely helpful in giving evidence of early settlements and their inhabitants due to their solid anchorage in the landscape, even in the case of population changes. Through the investigation of these place names, information can be gathered not only on the name giver, but also on the settlers who took on the names later on. Therefore, it is considered that any linguistic investigation has to start from the river and place names of a region. The utilization of geographical names yields the following findings: - The centre of Old Slavic names is situated on the northern slope of the Carpathian Mountains, approximately between Bukovina and Krakow; it is based on a substrate of older, Indo-European hydronyms. - The expansion of the East Slavic tribes bypasses the Pripyat Marshes and extends further through Central Russia and especially to the North and the East. - West Slavic settlers reach their new settlement areas through migration from Bohemia and further on to Saxonia and Thuringia, and also through Western Poland to Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. - The migration of the South Slavs takes place in two big, yet separate flows, on the one hand through the Moravian Gate to Slovenia, Hungary and Croatia, and on the other hand on the Eastern edge of the Carpathian Mountains to Serbia and Bulgaria.
4

Praindoeuropejski rdzeń *h2engh- ‘krzywić się, kręcić, wić się’ oraz inne rdzenie fonetycznie i semantycznie zbliżone w apelatywach i nazwach rzek na obszarze germańskim, bałtyckim i słowiańskim

61%
Biolik M., Duma J.
Prace Językoznawcze
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2020
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issue XXII/2
5–22
PL
Celem artykułu jest próba analizy etymologicznej wybranych nazw wodnych, przede wszystkim rzecznych, powiązanych etymologicznie z praindoeuropejskim rdzeniem *h2engh-/*h2gh- ‘krzywić, kręcić, wić się’ wraz z podobnymi fonetycznie i semantycznie innymi rdzeniami, które zostały utrwalone w apelatywach i nazwach rzek na obszarze germańskim, bałtyckim i słowiańskim. Mogły one powstawać w okresie przemieszczania się słabo jeszcze zróżnicowanych językowo praindoeuropejskich grup etnicznych. Przedstawiono najbardziej prawdopodobne etymologie nazw rzek takich jak: Angerbach, Angelbach, Unkenbach, Węgorapa, Wągra, Wiar itp. na szerszym tle apelatywnym i proprialnym. Wykazano, że w sferze apelatywnej rdzeń *h2engh- i rdzenie podobne, np. *h2enk- ‘krzywy, wygięty’, *eng- ‘unikać, omijać, uchylać się, wykręcać się’ znajdują poświadczenia także w wyrazach pospolitych na terenach, gdzie używano języków słowiańskich, bałtyckich i germańskich, a także w grece i innych językach indoeuropejskich. W artykule przyjęto metodologie wypracowane w ramach strukturalizmu, wychodząc z założeń przyjętych na gruncie niemieckim, że stare nazwy wodne nie należą do żadnego ze współczesnych języków indoeuropejskich, zostały utworzone przed rozwojem historycznych języków poświadczonych na danym obszarze w pierwszym tysiącleciu n.e.
EN
The article attempts to perform an etymological analysis of selected water names, mainly river names, etymologically related to the pre-Indo-European core *h2engh- /*h2gh- ‘curl, twist, wind’ and with other phonetically and semantically similar cores, e.g. *h2enk ‘to turn around, wind, bend’, *eng- ‘bypass’ etc. They were recorded in appellatives and river names in the Germanic, Baltic and Slavic territories. They could have been formed during the period of the movement of pre-Indo-European ethnic groups which were poorly linguistically differentiated. The article presents the most probable etymologies of the names of rivers such as: Angerbach, Angelbach, Unkenbach, Węgorapa, Wągra, Wiar etc. against a broader appellative and proprial background. It has been determined that in the appellative sphere, the core *h2engh- and similar cores, e.g. *h2enk- ‘crooked, bent’, *eng- ‘avoid, bypass, evade, twist’ are also found in common words in the areas were not only Slavic, Baltic and Germanic, but also Greek and other Indo-European languages were used. This article adopts methodologies developed within structuralism, based on the assumptions adopted in Germany that the old water names do not belong to any of the modern Indo-European languages and were created before the development of historical languages found in a given area in the first millennium AD.
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