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EN
Issues of normalisation, autonomy and self-determination of people with intellectual disabilities in special education have already taken their fixed place. The consequence of this continuing discourse is the personal nature of disability, international, timeless declarations and modifications of already established rights. Recently, the emancipatory trend is gaining in importance in this discourse. It remains in close correlation with the primary objective of educating people with intellectual disabilities, which is comprehensive preparation for life. It is a form of conscious self-reliance, self-knowledge and the capacity to take autonomous action. One of the areas of development of self-reliance is work. The resulting interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences can become the path to emancipation. Sometimes one that goes beyond the standards of rehabilitation.
PL
The problem of normalization, autonomy and self-determination of people with intellectual disabilities in special education has already taken its place. The consequence of this continuing discourse is the personal nature of disability, international, timeless declarations and modifications of already established rights. Recently, the emancipatory trend is gaining in importance in this discourse. It remains in close correlation with the primary objective of educating people with intellectual disabilities which is comprehensive preparation for life. It is a form of conscious self-reliance, self-knowledge and capacity to take autonomous action. One of the areas of development of self-reliance is work. The resulting interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences can become the path to emancipation. Sometimes, one that goes beyond the standards of rehabilitation.
EN
The article signals the problems of a complex influence that professional work, one of the key values, has over one’s personal life. This issue seems to be the common area of scientific research for both pedagogy and sociology. Based on the EU27 as well as on Polish research results, a thesis has been formulated that professional work may nowadays be a threat to the functioning of the family.
EN
Education is a complex process. Very often it is defined as a general set of action aimed at education, which comprised of aims and rules. Exemplification of education are educational institutions, and educational programmes on each its level. Among many of its aims the most crucial is leading the individual to full independence. Independence is a complex process, demanding not only the example but also own and very often verified experiences. Experiences, which allow the individual to recognize own possibilities, needs and roles, which are going to be fulfilled. Independence allows then for asking questions concerning oneself, own place among others, and these always stay in a close bond to own identity. In special education the subject of identity gain greater significance. Pedagogues concentrate mainly on language expression and on actions, by which disabled are expressing themselves. More important become examining if undertaken educational actions allow disabled to perceive themselves as independent individuals. Are they equipped with emancipated, inner strategies of controlling? Or, another way round, is their independence controlled from outside and depends on retrieving inner patterns of behaviours?
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The Biblical Annals
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1998
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vol. 45
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issue 1
101-109
PL
The paper is dealing with the problem o f labour as well as the material goods and wealth resulting thereof. It points out that neither the biblical nor the non-biblical texts condemn wealth, nor the willingness to become rich. It is true, disinterested work on behalf of the neighbours is praiseworthy, yet it should not be a rule for everybody for each worker deserves his pay (1 Tm 5, 18). The Bibie only warns us not to put the material goods in the first place in the hierarchy of the human values. God’s justice has the primacy over anything else, the moral order established by God and put into practice by people.
EN
Paper presents results of research on the impact of age management method on professional adaptation process of young personnel in coal mining. The studies and analysis show that the age management method has a significant impact on shaping professional and social attitudes of young mining personnel, Impact of age management method is particularly noticeable in the context of work safety, professional skills development and workplace organization improvement. The interaction between generations is an important element in process of organizational and technical mines development
PL
Problem nauk o pracy ma już określoną historię i względnie rozległy wymiar. Dążenie do nadania temu problemowi postaci współczesnej stanowi od ponad 20 lat swoistą domenę działań pedagogicznych i technicznych Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, a także odpowiednich ośrodków pozauczelnianych tegoż regionu. W szczególności uniwersytet skłania m.in. do studyjnego i prakseologicznego oraz ergonomicznego potraktowania następujących wyznaczników treściowych i strukturalnych owej aktualizowanej istoty rzeczy: – Początki i rozwój nauk o pracy. – Współczesność pracy człowieka. – Nauki o pracy w kontekście rozwoju cywilizacyjnego. – Problemy nadal dyskusyjne.
EN
The problem of science of labour has already determined history and relatively expansive dimension. Striving for give this problem the form of contemporary accounts for more than 20 years a kind of domain and technical educational activities at the University of Zielona Gora, as well as relevant non–university centers of that region. In particular, the university encourages i.a., to the study and praxeological and ergonomic treatment of the following structural and substantive determinants of that updated key problems: – The origins and development of science of labour. – The labour of man in nowadays. – Science of labour in the context of the development of civilization. – Problems still debatable.
EN
This research examined potential sex differences in work experiences and work outcomes in a sample of Egyptian managers and professionals. Relatively little research has been undertaken on potential sex differences in human resource management in Egyptian organizations and even less during and following the Arab spring. Data were collected from 121 managerial and professional employees, 77 males and 44 females, using anonymously completed questionnaires. Respondents were relatively young, had university educations, had short job and organizational tenures, and held lower level -management jobs. All measures employed here had been used and validated previously by other researchers. Work experiences included supervisor empowerment behaviors and levels of personal empowerment. Work and well-being outcomes included job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work engagement, exhibiting voice behaviors, workplace learning opportunities, intent to quit and employee health symptoms. Significant sex differences were present on most personal demographic and work situation characteristics: men were at higher organizational levels, earned more money, were older and had longer organizational tenures, among others. There were fewer significant sex differences on work experiences and work outcomes. When differences were observed here, women indicated less positive responses.
EN
The following article analyses the position work holds on the hierarchy of values of contemporary man on the example of a chosen social group – students. The survey was carried out in the summer 2015 on a group of over 500 students of The State School of Higher Professional Education in Płock. The resultsindicated that although work does not rank highest in their hierarchy of values it still occupies a high, 4thposition. The factors determining the answers were: sex; place of living and the field of study.
EN
At the present stage, the educational institutions are faced with the task of training a broad-based specialist who strives purposefully to independently deepen and expand his knowledge. In this regard, it becomes an actual problem - the formation of readiness of students for self-education. The importance of the problem is determined by the orientation of the education system to create the conditions for maximizing the opportunities of each individual, for his professional self-development, having his own unique style of activity, developed legal self-consciousness, spiritual and creative potential, the focus on constant self-development through self-education.
EN
Professional teaching practice is of interest to the field of pedeutology. However, research into teachers’ professional work in the context of their personal and professional development from the perspective of career stages is underdeveloped. Therefore, in response to research needs within this area, an analysis of the content of diaries obtained as a results of a competition (two editions) has been performed to fill the void. The conclusions of the study are important for introducing changes in the field of teacher training, and its implications should serve as guidelines to be applied in this area.
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Content available remote

Psychologické souvislosti pracovní smysluplnosti

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EN
There is a significant shift of approach to the management of organizations and workers in recent decades. This shift in management philosophy is characterized by converting from traditional, conventional (rather bureaucratic) management models to rather humanistic/existential oriented models. This transition comes partly from the understanding that human resources are the most promising and effective way for organization development, partly from a shift in the understanding of the role of organizations in society. The key point of these approaches has become a "meaning" or "meaningfulness" in relation to the work and organization. The importance of work meaningfulness is not only in its potential to increase the competitiveness of organizations, but especially in its major (mostly positive) impacts on the employee himself and his work (and by that the organization and its performance). Work meaningfulness is strongly connected to the work engagement, which represents the active personal participation in the work process, manifested by vigor, active cooperation, willingness to contribute to the company's success and dedication to work. Work engagement seems to be next important factor affecting work attitudes and achievements of employees. The paper gives an overview of various approaches to work meaningfulness and work engagement, on the basis of which authors propose new model of work meaningfulness with overlap to work engagement. The work meaningfulness is not seen as one-dimensional variable, but consists of complex of interacting factors and processes that define an individual perceived meaning and importance of the work. Meaningful work is influenced by three areas. The first is the organizational culture. This is defined as a specific pattern of values, norms, beliefs, attitudes and assumptions that are often not clearly expressed, but affect the way individuals behave in an organization and how things are done. The second area is the work design (and broadly the design of organization). It contains several variables, such as workload, work extent (e.g. number of various activities), the depth of work (the amount of the reasoning behind the necessary processes and results of work), relationships with others, work flexibility, job sharing etc. The last area represents the individual/employee himself, e.g. his personality, intelligence (including emotional), optimism, sense of mastery, self-efficacy, attitudes etc.
Studia Ełckie
|
2016
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vol. 18
|
issue 3
285 - 294
EN
Professional work is often connected with dangers for human life and health. Employees are exposed for misadventures and professional illnesses. In some professions this risk can be very high. On the other hand work is very important in human life. It ensures integral human development. Hence, man can do his job although some risk can be connected with it. Prerequisite for this kind of activity is using all available means for health and safety. In such situa-tion possible misadventure is only the effect of coincidence, which cannot be predicted. Responsibility for health and safety at work is common duty of em-ployees, employers and state authorities. Employees are mainly responsible for their mental and physical condition, employers for worksite and authorities for reasonable labour legislation.
EN
This study refers to the interpretation of the basic categories of educational sciences, i.e. Pedagogy of Labour. From the perspective of the theory and the research in the field of education it is important to describe both the object of study and the content, processes, methods, criteria that determine boundaries of human knowledge of that subject, and the source of knowledge about the subject of the research. The subject of this paper shall be considered as important in both theoretical, practical and existential way.
EN
In this paper I will attempt to look at the city-place as a work of art. Such an approach will allow us to take into consideration its aesthetic, sensual and reflective qualities and, at the same time, contemplate those aspects which go beyond the philosophy of art, such as practical needs of everyday life. I am analysing the opinions expressed by Olsen, Christie Boyer and the architects, Le Corbusier and Kevin Lynch. The positive view of the place emphasizes the role played by its shape and layout, by the sense of security and beauty, by harmony, sensuality and emotions, by the sense of belonging and identity. The city, however, also means ruins, abandoned places invisible to its inhabitants. I am examining an approach adopted by Urban Explorer and I am underlining the aesthetic and artistic way of depicting the city. In the final part I am discussing the spatial-temporal dimensions of the city as a work of art.
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EN
The purpose of this research aims to investigate which kind of need, from the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, motivates medical doctors the most, according to their self-perception. In this study, medical specialization, education level and age were taken into account. Medical doctor’s perception of motivational factors was measured by the Motivation To Work Among Medical Doctors Questionnaire, which was prepared by the author of the following research. The study focuses on five types of needs: Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love and belonging, Esteem and Self-actualization needs. Results obtained form the questionnaire indicate that Love and belonging need motivates medical doctors the most. It was also investigated, that Love and belonging, Esteem and Self-actualization needs motivate to work medical doctors with Operational Specializations. No correlation was found between medical doctors with Non-Operational Specializations. The results of the study showed no significant relationship between various education levels and motivation to work. What is more, no significant relationship was found between age and the perception of motivational factors.
EN
The author notes, that one of the structural components of future professionals’ in physical rehabilitation readiness to athletes’ health recreation is motivational component, which constitutes the basis for the realization of its other structural components. The aim of the article is to characterize motivational component in the structure of future professionals’ in physical rehabilitation readiness to athletes’ health recreation. In order to characterize motivational component in the structure of future professionals’ in physical rehabilitation readiness to athletes’ health recreation, the author analyzes the essence of such notions as “a motive”, “motivation”, “sports motivation” etc. In the development of motives in sports activity, taking into account the age of athletes and stages of sports training, the following tendencies may be distinguished: differentiation of motivational structure content; stabilization of motivational structure; intensification of interrelation between practice and competition motivation; specialization of motivational structure, reduction of its individual peculiarity; amplification of the significance of effective motives; gradual shift of the dominant role from the need of self assertion and the need to increase abilities to the need in achieving the best sports result; amplification of social orientation of motives related to sports activity. It has been revealed, that motivational component of the future professionals’ in physical rehabilitation readiness to athletes’ health recreation comprises realization of the significance of athletes rehabilitation as socially-significant activity; positive motivation, realization of professional goals and value-orientations as to the implementation of rehabilitation activity for athletes’ health recreation; the will to master theory and practice of athletes’ rehabilitation using up-to-date methods of health recreation. The author considers the definition of criteria, indices and levels of future professionals’ readiness to athletes’ health recreation as perspective areas for further researches.
EN
The research submitted evidence to confirm differences in value systems between Adult Children of Alcoholics and persons from families with no alcohol problem. Differences in significance of particular work aspects between the examined groups, were also confirmed.
EN
Paper presents results of research on professional advancement by young personnel in coal mining industry. The study involved occupational groups, both supervisors and workers, with short practice in coal mining industry. Lack of young, well qualified mining staff may result, in not so far perspective destabilize mining personnel as an effect of still existing generation gap, including a gap arising from lack of replacement of staff in dimension of their qualifications, competencies and professional skills. In this context, carrying out research on professional advancement as stabilization of young mining staff is important.
EN
Professional activation of people with disabilities is dependent on three elements constituting a system of: employers, medical service and the very people with disabilities. The ability to do a job is a result of both motivation and ability of a person with disabilities to carry out a job, sort of job, along with possible appropriate adjustment of a work place and diagnostic-adjudging process conducted by authorities that adjudge the ability to work. The article presents opinions of the employers from Zielona Góra and its vicinity regarding barriers that in their minds lie in the Polish system of professional activation. Amongst many barriers it is necessary to enumerate: changeability of the law, unsatisfactory financial stimuli, low productivity of people with disabilities and the necessity to adjust the work place and the whole company to the specific needs of a person with disabilities.
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