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EN
The main aim of this article is to present the results of a study of the sources and effects of occupational stress among the workers of a company in the extractive sector. The study has been part of a larger project, where a work-related stress organizational intervention is implemented and actions to reduce psychosocial risk are taken. Material and methods: 164 employees took part in this study. They filled in four questionnaires – OSI, JCQ, GHQ-28 and a questionnaire created for this study measuring the sources of stress in this specific kind of work environment. Results: the results showed that the main source of stress are hard conditions of work environment and continual sense of endangerment of health and life during work underground. Other sources of stress were time pressure, non-rhythmicity of work and work role ambiguity. The results of JCQ showed the low level of demands and latitude and the high level of job control and quite low social support. GHQ-28 did not show dysfunctions in general health. Discussion: methods and tools used in this study give a clear image of stressors, their intensity and psychological consequences in the research sample. The results allow to prepare a specific interpersonal training and mindfulness-based stress reduction training for the employees. Conclusions: the study lets the organization establish the strategy of implementation of work-related stress program.
EN
The article presents the psychosocial hazards of the work environment resulting from the interaction between the content of work, organization and management of work processes, and its environmental determinants as well as competences and needs of those who provide work. Selected groups of psychosocial hazards were presented resulting, among others, from the task design, workpace and workload, decision latitude and control, culture and organizational function, interpersonal relations in the workplace, the specifics of career progression, and the home-work interface. The context of the proposed considerations is the phenomenon of work-related stress, thus selected work-related stress models were presented. It is quite well established that stress can contribute to the deterioration of the psychosocial, physiological and health functioning of employees. Finally, recommendations for education and counseling were presented, the effect of which could be to counteract the negative effects of psychosocial risks at work.
EN
While on duty, soldiers are exposed to severe stress, and mental condition has a direct impact on the efficacy of their performance. The paper shows how the specificity of soldiers’ work affects their mental health. The importance of the role of psychologists in the army is emphasized, and the consequences of negligence in soldiers’ mental care are indicated. The way in which the mental health of soldiers is protected in Poland, by the state itself and by the institutions established for this purpose, is also characterised. Special attention is paid to mental health care for the soldiers that take part in foreign military missions, who are exposed to psychological trauma as a result of isolation from the family and friends, and as a result of being placed in a new cultural and religious environment. On the basis of the above, the necessity of implementing new system solutions to ensure the effective psychological protection of soldiers is indicated.
XX
This article presents the issue of employees’ attitude towards stress management interventions and occupational health interventions. According to different studies, workers’ attitudes before the implementation of the intervention influence effectiveness and time-efficiency of the process of implementation of stress intervention as well as they affect the permanence of changes at organizational and individual level of stress management after the implementation of the intervention. In the article, some advice and guidelines which can be used in the process of implementation of different kinds of work-life balance programs and other HRM activities are presented.
EN
Objective We propose a method for a reliable quantitative measure of subjectively perceived occupational stress applicable in any company to enhance occupational safety and psychosocial health, to enable precise prevention policies and intervention and to improve work quality and efficiency. Materials and Methods A suitable questionnaire was telephonically administered to a stratified sample of the whole Italian population of employees. Combined multivariate statistical methods, including principal component, cluster and discriminant analyses, were used to identify risk factors and to design a causal model for understanding work-related stress. Results The model explained the causal links of stress through employee perception of imbalance between job demands and resources for responding appropriately, by supplying a reliable U-shaped nonlinear stress index, expressed in terms of values of human systolic arterial pressure. Low, intermediate and high values indicated demotivation (or inefficiency), well-being and distress, respectively. Costs for stress-dependent productivity shortcomings were estimated to about 3.7% of national income from employment. Conclusions The method identified useful structured information able to supply a simple and precise interpretation of employees’ well-being and stress risk. Results could be compared with estimated national benchmarks to enable targeted intervention strategies to protect the health and safety of workers, and to reduce unproductive costs for firms.
EN
Occupations involving contact with other people and helping others are particularly vulnerable to stress and burnout. This article presents the results of research on the level of stress and burnout in midwives working in obstetrics and gynecology wards in hospitals with three different referential levels in Poland. The research was carried out between November 2019 and February 2020. It involved 60 women working in the birthing block, 20 midwives from wards with three successive reference levels. The research was conducted using the Subjective Work Assessment Questionnaire by B. Dudek et al. (KSOP) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as well as written statements of the respondents collected in the form of letters to a young midwife. The results of the research indicate that there are different levels of professional burnout in midwives depending on the reference level of the ward in which they work. However, all midwives, regardless of the reference level of the department, are subject to high levels of professional stress. According to the Subjective Work Assessment Questionnaire, the most common sources of stress for midwives are sense of responsibility and lack of rewards. Midwives working in departments with different levels of reference use similar methods of coping with professional stress. The methods they practice to counter occupational burn-out are based mainly on the idea of work-life balance, social support and care for the psychophysical condition of the body.
PL
Zawody, których rola opiera się na kontakcie z innymi ludźmi oraz pomocy drugiemu człowiekowi szczególnie narażone są na występowanie stresu oraz wypalenia zawodowego. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dotyczących poziomu stresu i wypalenia zawodowego u położnych pracujących w Polsce na oddziałach położniczo-ginekologicznych o trzech różnych poziomach referencyjnych. W badania wzięło udział 60 kobiet pracujących na bloku porodowym, po 20 położnych z oddziałów na kolejnych trzech poziomach referencyjności. Zastosowano Kwestionariusz do Subiektywnej Oceny Pracy (KSOP) (Dudek, Waszkowska, Mereczm, Henke, 2004), Kwestionariusz Wypalenia Zawodowego (MBI) (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) oraz pisemne wypowiedzi osób badanych zebrane w formie listów do młodej położnej. Wyniki badań wskazują na występowanie zróżnicowanego poziomu wypalenia zawodowego u położnych w zależności od poziomu referencyjności oddziału, na którym pracują. Natomiast u wszystkich położnych, bez względu na referencyjność oddziału, stwierdzono wysoki poziom stresu zawodowego. Według Kwestionariusza Subiektywnej Oceny Pracy najczęstszymi źródłami stresu u położnych były poczucie odpowiedzialności oraz brak nagród. Położne pracujące na oddziałach o różnym poziomie referencyjności stosowały podobne metody radzenia sobie ze stresem zawodowym. Praktykowane przez nie sposoby przeciwdziałania wypaleniu zawodowemu opierały się głównie na idei work-life balance, wsparciu społecznym oraz dbałości o psychofizyczny stan organizmu.
EN
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters. Material and Methods Data were collected among Cypriot firefighters through a battery of adapted questionnaires completed anonymously. Results A total of 430 firefighters (a response rate of 68%) completed the survey (the age range: 21–60 years). A total of 11% of firefighters reported moderate to extremely severe stress through the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. A total of 40% of firefighters reported musculoskeletal symptoms, the most frequent being back pain. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that occupational stress was associated with a 50% higher risk of musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters after adjusting for age, smoking and obesity (OR = 1.52, p = 0.04). In addition, a positive dose-response relationship was found between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms. Conclusions Occupational stress constitutes a significant risk for firefighters and is associated with higher prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms at work. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(3):341–52
PL
Interwencje antystresowe przeprowadzane są w ramach współpracy specjalistów zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi i BHP ze względu na konieczność interdyscyplinarnego podejścia do wdrożenia. Celem artykułu jest zatem wykazanie, że współpraca specjalistów z obu wymienionych obszarów jest istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na skuteczność interwencji w redukowaniu stresu pracowników. W części teoretycznej opisano, czym jest stres w pracy oraz czym są interwencje antystresowe. W części badawczej przedstawiono konkretne wdrożenie programu redukcji stresu w organizacji sektora wydobywczego. W poszczególnych etapach procedury implementacji opisano rolę i działania podejmowane przez specjalistów ZZL i BHP. Zastosowano trening uważności oraz trening specyficznych umiejętności „miękkich”. Wyniki analizy wariancji MANOVA wskazały, że interwencja antystresowa była skuteczna, gdyż wpłynęła na redukcję stresu pracowników. Przeprowadzona interwencja ukazuje, że w celu osiągnięcia skuteczności wdrożenia istotna jest ścisła współpraca w ramach obszarów BHP i ZZL.
EN
Stress management interventions (SMIs) are initiatives taken by occupational health and safety as well as human resource management divisions. This is due to the need for an interdisciplinary approach to implementation. Thus, the objective of the article is to demonstrate that collaboration among specialists from both these fields is an important factor impacting on the effectiveness of stress management intervention in the case of employees. The theoretical section describes just what stress in the workplace is and what stress management intervention is. The research section presents concrete examples of the implementation of stress management programs in organizations from the mining sector. The role and actions taken by human resource management and occupational health and safety specialists is described for the individual phases of procedure implementation. Mindfulness and soft–skill training was applied. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) results demonstrated that the stress management intervention was effective. It reduced worker stress levels. As performed, the intervention shows that in order to achieve effective implementation, what is important is close cooperation in the area of occupational health and safety and human resource management.
PL
Współczesne przedsiębiorstwa coraz częściej stosują systemowe, proaktywne podejście do zarządzania bhp. Wymaga ono kompleksowego i wszechstronnego traktowania zagadnień zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa pracowników. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie różnorodnych sposobów zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa i ochrony zdrowia pracowników w ramach współczesnego podejścia do zarządzania bhp. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kwestie zdrowia organizacyjnego oraz interwencji wpływających na redukcję stresu związanego z pracą. Artykuł składa się z dwóch części. Pierwsza ma charakter teoretyczny. Druga stanowi studium przypadku organizacji, która w sposób systemowy zarządza bezpieczeństwem i ochroną zdrowia pracowników. Podjęła ona w tym celu wiele różnorodnych działań o charakterze technicznym, systemowym i behawioralnym. Działania te realizowane są kompleksowo przez służby bhp, działy zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi i jakości oraz osoby odpowiedzialne za medycynę pracy i psychologów zakładowych.
EN
Nowadays, more and more organizations are using a system-based, proactive approach to the management of occupational safety and health (OSH). This requires that treatment of worker health and safety now be more complex and comprehensive than it has been. The aim of this paper is to present the diversity of OSH dimensions within the framework of the contemporary approach to OSH management. The paper looks particularly at issues of organizational health and interventions addressing work-related stress. The second part of the article describes a case study of the implementation of a system-based OSH programme in one company, which undertook numerous technical, systemic and behavioral activities requiring the cooperation of many departments and individuals: OSH, HR, quality management and occupational medicine and Occupational Health Psychologists
Medycyna Pracy
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2014
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vol. 65
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issue 5
693-701
EN
Studies of some chronic conditions and some health risk factors in physiotherapists suggest that work-related stress and burnout may have a significant but underestimated impact on their health status and productivity. This paper presents the author’s attempt to review current knowledge of work-related stress and burnout in physiotherapists. This review was aimed at exploring the relationship between causes, consequences and ways of prevention of work-related stress and burnout in this occupational group. Searching PubMed, PEDro and Health Source: Nursing / Academic Edition was conducted in July 2014, with no starting date limitation and with specified keywords. The literature on work-related stress and burnout in physiotherapists has investigated their relationship with a large number of causes, consequences, and ways of prevention. Based on the research reviewed, the conclusion can be drawn that further strategies to increase awareness among the management staff and health professionals about the importance of prevention and stress management are required to decrease the prevalence of aforementioned pathologies. It was stressed that the majority of components of these strategies still require to be confirmed by future studies. Med Pr 2014;65(5):693–701
PL
Badania dotyczące schorzeń przewlekłych i ich przyczyn u fizjoterapeutów wskazują, że stres związany z pracą i wypalenie zawodowe mogą mieć istotny, choć lekceważony wpływ na stan zdrowia i produktywność przedstawicieli tej grupy zawodowej. W artykule podjęto próbę podsumowania stanu aktualnej wiedzy na temat stresu i wypalenia związanych z pracą u fizjoterapeutów. Celem pracy jest ustalenie powiązania między ich przyczynami, skutkami oraz sposobami prewencji. Źródłem analizowanych publikacji były bazy danych PubMed, PEDro i Health Source: Nursing / Academic Edition. Pod uwagę wzięto badania opublikowane do połowy 2014 r. Publikacje pozwoliły określić związek między przyczynami, skutkami i sposobami prewencji stresu i wypalenia zawodowego u fizjoterapeutów. W oparciu o przedstawiony krytyczny przegląd literatury można stwierdzić, że konieczne jest wdrożenie strategii edukowania personelu zarządzającego i personelu medycznego w celu zmniejszenia częstości występowania objawów stresu i wypalenia zawodowego u fizjoterapeutów. Podkreślono, że większość z elementów ww. strategii wymaga jeszcze potwierdzenia w przyszłych badaniach.Med. Pr. 2014;65(5):693–701
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