Writing is a complex process in which different sub-components both follow each other and interact with each other. Tracking and revising the text is a natural behaviour that helps the writer to shape the text in a desirable way - both in terms of its form and content. Previous studies of self-corrections by second language learners, for example, have shown that they most often correct spelling or formal, linguistic errors or that conceptual changes increase as language skills in the foreign language develop. This paper presents an analysis of online revisions with respect to the orientation of the corrections, i.e. typographical, linguistic and conceptual revisions. The texts were collected at the end of each semester during the first three years of language learning. The analysis has shown that, regardless of language level, foreign language learners in the study group focused most on the surface of the text, which was reflected in corrections of typographical errors. In addition, two revision patterns were observed: one characterised by a simultaneous focus on different dimensions when revising the text, while the other was characterised by a greater focus on one aspect of the text (usually typography), while the others received less attention.
Tomasz Cieślak-SokołowskiDepartment of Contemporary CriticismFaculty of PolishJagiellonian University, Cracow “Opening the Great Parable” On Zbigniew Herbert’s Writing of One of His Poems Abstract The main objective of the present article is to offer a reading of Zbigniew Herbert’s manuscripts, drawing upon French and British theories of genetic criticism. The author analyzes the physical shape of the page and the stages of the making of the poem with reference to specific examples based on materials collected in the Zbigniew Herbert archive at the National Library of Poland. Keywords: genetic criticism, Zbigniew Herbert, manuscript studies, writing process „Rozpinanie wielkiej paraboli”. O procesie pisania jednego wiersza Zbigniewa Herberta Streszczenie Artykuł skupia się na próbie opisania problemów związanych z odczytywaniem rękopisów Zbigniewa Herberta. Autor artykułu nawiązuje do francuskich i brytyjskich teorii krytyki genetycznej, by opisać te problemy w odniesieniu do materiałów, które zawiera Archiwum Zbigniewa Herberta zdeponowane w Bibliotece Narodowej. Słowa kluczowe: krytyka genetyczna, Zbigniew Herbert, badania manuskryptów, proces twórczy
PL
Tomasz Cieślak-SokołowskiKatedra Krytyki WspółczesnejWydział PolonistykiUniwersytet Jagielloński “Opening the Great Parable” On Zbigniew Herbert’s Writing of One of His Poems Abstract The main objective of the present article is to offer a reading of Zbigniew Herbert’s manuscripts, drawing upon French and British theories of genetic criticism. The author analyzes the physical shape of the page and the stages of the making of the poem with reference to specific examples based on materials collected in the Zbigniew Herbert archive at the National Library of Poland. Keywords: genetic criticism, Zbigniew Herbert, manuscript studies, writing process „Rozpinanie wielkiej paraboli”. O procesie pisania jednego wiersza Zbigniewa Herberta Streszczenie Artykuł skupia się na próbie opisania problemów związanych z odczytywaniem rękopisów Zbigniewa Herberta. Autor artykułu nawiązuje do francuskich i brytyjskich teorii krytyki genetycznej, by opisać te problemy w odniesieniu do materiałów, które zawiera Archiwum Zbigniewa Herberta zdeponowane w Bibliotece Narodowej. Słowa kluczowe: krytyka genetyczna, Zbigniew Herbert, badania manuskryptów, proces twórczy
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