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Będzie boleć tylko jeśli zechcesz. Historia bólu jako władzy niechcianej

100%
Koculak M., Kałwak W.
Res Publica Nowa
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2013
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issue 2
EN
This article explains how people perceive pain and how it has been understood since antiquity. Eventually, the moment arrived when humanity realized that pain was not the intervention of supernatural powers. Although ancient ancestors often sought the knowledge of specialists to relieve pain, they required ages to discover that suffering was a compilation of physical reactions and emotional dispositions. The authors describe this evolutionary process, indicating how scientists formulated contemporary definitions of aches and pains, explaining the role and consequences of pain in everyday life.
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Opisać świadomość na skali od zera do jeden. Perturbacyjny Indeks Złożoności jako naukowa próba pomiaru świadomości na poziomie indywidualnym

100%
Koculak M., Kałwak W.
Rocznik Kognitywistyczny
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2014
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vol. 7
PL
Describing consciousness on scale from zero to one. Perturbational Complexity Index as a scientific attempt on measuring consciousness on an individual levelScientific study of consciousness entered a new era with research focused on finding its neural correlates. The article depicts reasoning underlying this paradigm and controversies it arises using a novel tool designed to measure one’s level of consciousness by means of analyzing EEG signal. Perturbational Complexity Index, created by team led by Guilio Tononi, is used to present theoretical debate concerning the possibility of creating an objective consciousness measure. Stemming from reflections on mechanisms of loss of consciousness, authors of the index infer the informational nature of the phenomena, which is said to be demonstrated by experiments with participants under anesthesia, in deep sleep or suffering from disorders of consciousness. The extraordinary capability of the index to measure the level of consciousness on an individual level and its practical applications are discussed in context of possibility of experimental access to subjective experience.
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