The communication in a family is a process of a linguistic connection between its members. The proper communication influences the relations which occur in a family. There can appear some disruptions with a person with a physiological ageing as well as with a person with a pathological ageing. The purpose of this article is to describe the quality and quantity changes in seniors’ speech and to indicate the ways to deal with noises which make the effective and satisfying communication impossible. The awareness of processes present in seniors’ speech and application of enumerated rules which make the noises minimized – can have a great impact on the quality and effectiveness of seniors communication in a family environment.
Thesis. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders resulting from damage to the central nervous system in the early stages of its development. The aim of the rehabilitation of persons with CP is to make their dependence on the assistance of others as little as possible and to improve their quality of life, as well as the quality of life of their families. New methods are developed in which new technologies are employed and a holistic approach to the patient, requiring the cooperation of specialists in various fields, is assumed. The most commonly used methods of working with children with cerebral palsy include the NDT-Bobath method and the Vojta method. Apart from them unconventional methods are also employed, including hippotherapy, virtual reality, the sensory integration method, the conductive education method, and the space suit method. Aim of the paper. The aim of the paper is to present the methods employed in increasing the agility of children with cerebral palsy. Focus has been placed on traditional and commonly used methods, as well as the unconventional methods which are currently undergoing evaluation. Results. Thanks to diversifying rehabilitation with new methods and enriching it with the experience of specialists in areas outside medicine patients with cerebral palsy are able to fully benefit from their own potential. Quality of life is improved, independence is increased, and new opportunities are discovered. Some of the newest methods may serve to supplement traditional therapies, others can substitute for them in the future. What is crucial is to focus not only on heightening the physical agility of the patients, but also to make the course of the therapy more attractive, and to work on improving the patients’ functioning in other areas of life, as well, such as social contacts or hobbies.
Aim: Williams syndrome is a rare, multi-system, genetically conditioned disorder, occurring equally at girls and boys around the world regardless of the ethnic group. The aim of the work is the presentation of the meaning of interdisciplinary care and support in the development of a child with the Williams syndrome. Methods: Interdisciplinary approach to care and support of development of a child with the Williams syndrome. Results: Williams syndrome manifests itself in characteristic physical (dysmorphic facial features), medical (cardiovascular), cognitive (moderate mental retardation) and social-emotional disorders. The child should be under the care of different types of doctors and medical specialists, a speech therapist, psychologist and physiotherapist. Conclusions: Therapy must include improving motor activity, sensory and cognitive functions, exercises in interpersonal communication and social behavior. Good cooperation between specialists is essential in the proper planning and conducting of therapy.
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Cel: Zespół Williamsa to rzadkie, wieloukładowe, genetycznie uwarunkowane zaburzenie, występujące jednakowo u dziewczynek, jak i u chłopców na całym świecie, niezależnie od grupy etnicznej. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie znaczenia interdyscyplinarnej opieki i wspomagania rozwoju dziecka z zespołem Williamsa. Metody: Interdyscyplinarne podejście do opieki i wspomagania rozwoju dziecka z zespołem Williamsa. Wyniki: Zespół Williamsa objawia się charakterystycznymi nieprawidłowościami fizycznymi (dysmorficzne cechy twarzy), medycznymi (schorzenia sercowo-naczyniowe), poznawczymi (umiarkowane upośledzenie umysłowe) oraz społeczno-emocjonalnymi. Dziecko powinno być pod opieką lekarzy różnych specjalności i innych specjalistów: logopedy, psychologa czy fizjoterapeuty. Wnioski: Terapia musi obejmować usprawnianie motoryki, funkcji sensorycznych, poznawczych, ćwiczenia z zakresu komunikacji interpersonalnej i zachowań społecznych. Dobra współpraca między specjalistami jest niezbędna w prawidłowym zaplanowaniu i prowadzeniu terapii.
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