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Racjonalność jako źródło niepewności. O konsekwencjach uznania myślenia magicznego za „anormalne”

100%
Niemyjska A.
Rocznik Kognitywistyczny
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2010
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vol. 4
PL
Rationality as a Source of Uncertainty. On Consequences of Taking Magical Thinking as “Abnormal”Rational thinking is limiting the scope of causal reasoning to physical reality. Magical thinking allows for the existence of causal relationships between objects of empirical experience and phenomena which cannot be known in an empirical way. In some primitive cultures as well as in childhood, rational and magical thinking coexist. One of the consequences of the currently dominant scientifi c paradigm and of the secularization of culture is that rationality is valued way higher and that magical thinking is treated as an anomaly. In the article, research results are presented that show that in eff ect, in situations of great importance, if no clear explanation can be off ered, we may experience emotional and cognitive uncertainty.
2
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When to Cast a Love Spell: Unsecure Attachment and Relational Distress as an Interactive Determinants of a Tendency to Magical Thinking

63%
Niemyjska A., Gieszczyk P., Markowska A., Pajączkowska M., Niemyjska A.
Psychological Studies
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2011
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vol. 49
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issue 1
35-48
EN
Threat of important resources of any individual may be accompanied by thinking based on the laws of magic (Keinan, 1994; Rozin, Millman and Nemeroff, 1986). The aim of three studies was to examine how different sorts of distress occurring in a romantic context such as insecure attachment style and situationally manipulated bonds deprivation versus connection are associated with a tendency to magical thinking (MT) about the loved one. As expected, attachment anxiety was a positive predictor of MT especially among people who were not in a romantic relationship or those experiencing deprivation of romantic bonds. Individuals with high attachment anxiety were characterized by greater levels of magical thinking at the beginning of the relationship than in the later stages. Avoidant attachment allowed the negative prediction of magical thinking but only among those who presently were in romantic relationships or those experiencing increased situational closeness to the partner. The regulatory function of MT is being discussed.
3
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The mystery of communion in narcissism: The success-as-a-flaw effect

51%
Drat-Ruszczak K., Bazińska R., Niemyjska A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 4
453-463
EN
In the present paper we consider the specific relationship between communal and agentic functioning of narcissistic individuals. The study was aimed to test whether narcissist’s aggression is due to not only negative information about their agency but also positive information about their communion. Whereas the first effect is well- documented in empirical studies, the second effect has been revealed in our prior research. The results of the present study confirmed both effects: negative information about one’s agency increased aggressive tendencies (operationalized as a display of demeaning behavior) and decreased state self-esteem, while positive information about one’s communion resulted only in displaced aggression. The aggressive response to positive communal information is discussed as the success-as-aflaw effect, which we mean as inverse of the failure-as-an asset effect. According to the success-as-a-flaw effect, positive outcomes in the communal domain, considered by narcissists to be an evidence of low-status, are threatening for the grandiose self, based on the domain of agency. The social cognitive and clinical approach is employed to interpret these results.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

The mystery of communion in narcissism: The success-as-a-flaw effect

51%
Drat-Ruszczak K., Bazińska R., Niemyjska A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2014
|
vol. 45
|
issue 4
453-463
EN
In the present paper we consider the specific relationship between communal and agentic functioning of narcissistic individuals. The study was aimed to test whether narcissist’s aggression is due to not only negative information about their agency but also positive information about their communion. Whereas the first effect is well- documented in empirical studies, the second effect has been revealed in our prior research. The results of the present study confirmed both effects: negative information about one’s agency increased aggressive tendencies (operationalized as a display of demeaning behavior) and decreased state self-esteem, while positive information about one’s communion resulted only in displaced aggression. The aggressive response to positive communal information is discussed as the success-as-aflaw effect, which we mean as inverse of the failure-as-an asset effect. According to the success-as-a-flaw effect, positive outcomes in the communal domain, considered by narcissists to be an evidence of low-status, are threatening for the grandiose self, based on the domain of agency. The social cognitive and clinical approach is employed to interpret these results.
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