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1

Dlaczego opowiadanie w rozmowie potocznej to nie monolog?

100%
Wyrwas K.
Język a Kultura
|
2012
|
vol. 23
451 – 460
EN
In this article the author describes how people tell stories in everyday conversations. First, the way of learning storytelling by children is described. Analyses of spoken narrative texts produced by adults show that listeners take their part in storytelling, asking questions about places, motivations, characters, the point of story and other details, and also adding their suggestions and comments. Spoken narrative is not a monolog because people (especially children) need help to create a good, cohesive story, and listeners need more efficiently told narrative with many details to understand the story and narrator’s life experiences.
2
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Rozum i serce. Pamięć w wybranych językach indoeuropejskich

100%
Wyrwas K.
Stylistyka
|
2019
|
vol. 28
65-78
EN
The article discusses the subject of memory-related pie. etymons in Indo-European languages. In the group of dictionary data which was collected, memory is an ability of the human mind and ability located in the heart. Remembering is one of the functions of the human mind, a cognitive ability that is communicated in the Indo-European language verbs from the mental group based on the pie. etymons: *men- ‘think; mind, spirituals activities,’*(s)mer- ‘mourn, remember with sadness,’ ‘remember, think, take care,’ and *tong- ‘think, feel’. Numerous derivatives of these etymons in particular language groups referred to different features and states of mind: thinking, reflecting, contemplating, consulting, debating, remembering, experiencing sadness, grief, pleasure, kindness, gratitude, etc. Less numerous are the forms referring to remembrance based on the pie. etymon*k̑r̥ d- ‘heart’, which, according to the beliefs of ancient Greeks, is the seat of intelligence and memory, as well as of emotions. In European conceptualisations, there are also references to human characteristics, such as moral and mental strength, courage, mercy, purity of heart, pride, faith and mercy. Indo-European lexemes related to memory in their meanings and etymology show a linguistic image of how our distant ancestors understood the human phenomenon of knowledge storage. The source from which the lexemes were obtained was the etymological dictionaries of Indo-European languages.
3

Konceptualizacja pojęcia narratio w świecie indoeuropejskim

100%
Wyrwas K.
Język Polski
|
2014
|
vol. 94
|
issue 3
212-218
PL
W artykule przedstawiono próbę zrekonstruowania dawnego językowego obrazu czynności opowiadania na podstawie etymologii współczesnych czasowników w językach indoeuropejskich. Posługując się danymi słownikowymi, opisano konceptualizacje towarzyszące powstaniu takich jednostek, jak łacińskie narrare wraz z pochodzącymi od niego czasownikami z grupy języków romańskich, polskie opowiadać i inne czasowniki z grupy słowiańskiej mające wspólnego językowego przodka, rosyjskie pacсказа́ть i formy mu pokrewne istniejące w językach wschodnio– i południowosłowiańskich, a także czasowniki z grupy germańskiej, takich m.in., jak niemieckie erzählen i angielskie to tell. Analizy pokazały, że w każdej grupie językowej w procesie nazwotwórczym dominująca okazała się inna cecha językowej czynności opowiadania: przekazywanie wiedzy, bycie naocznym świadkiem wydarzeń, mówienie prawdy oraz zachowanie kolejności zdarzeń.
EN
The article is an attempt to reconstruct the linguistic picture of storytelling on the basis of etymology of contemporary verbs in Indo-European languages. Dictionary data were used to describe conceptualizations accompanying verbs such as Latin "nārrāre" along with the derived Roman verbs, Polish "opowiadać" and other Slavic verbs with a common linguistic ancestor, Russian paccказа́ть and forms related to it in East and South Slavic languages, as well as Germanic verbs, such as German "erzählen" and English "to tell". Analyses have shown that in each language group it was a different linguistic feature of storytelling that was dominating in the process of name creation: transfer of knowledge, being an eyewitness, telling the truth and preserving the sequence of events.
4
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Najstarsze słownictwo budowlane w polszczyźnie (zarys problematyki)

100%
Wyrwas K.
Świat i Słowo
|
2022
|
vol. 39
|
issue 2
249-267
EN
The oldest construction vocabulary in the Polish language (outline of the issue) The article presents an outline of the research problems of construction vocabulary contained in the Old Polish Dictionary, collecting words until the year 1500. Preliminary analyzes have shown that the oldest layer of vocabulary in this field relates to wooden construction, widespread in Poland from the earliest times. The text presents a proposed classification of the material and discusses several thematic groups: names of buildings, tools, materials, construction activities. Then, the prospects for further research were outlined: the need for a complete thematic classification of the construction vocabulary used in the Old Polish era was indicated, as well as to determine its origin, including words related to building common to all Slavic languages and dialectal names used only in certain Slavic areas, and for both groups to determine which words were taken from the Proto-Slavic or even Proto-Indo-European era, and which and when were borrowed from foreign languages. The next stage of research would include words newly created in Polish from native forms and words borrowed into Polish in the Middle Ages. On the basis of the collected material, it was initially indicated that Old Polish borrowings in construction vocabulary come less frequently from Czech and Latin, and the greatest number from German.
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