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EN
Aggression is a phenomenon accompanying man from the dawn of time. Contemporary reality has revealed a new face of this peculiarity. This article shows the importance of electronic aggression manifested by students from younger classes. Based on the literature on the subject, the basic concepts related to cyberspace were presented. Attention was drawn to the need to prevent manifestations of aggressive behaviors that are visible in the sphere of physical education of children. The types of aggression are indicated and the importance of electronic aggression is explained. Conclusions were put forward resulting from my own observations and research on this issue.
EN
This publication presents excerpts from preventive and revalidation programme aimed at children with mild mental retardation. Basing on the subject literature, such notions as prevention, revalidation and retardation were explained. The main part of the article presents scenarios of preventive and revalidation actions embedded in five development areas, which are: mental, physical, psychic, emotional and social. Aims, tasks, methods and forms were presented. The way of organizing and evaluating actions described above was shown. The need of individual approach to students with mental retardation was suggested, as well as the need of making teachers and educators aware of special educational needs of such children. The final part of this publication presents conclusions significant for pedagogical practice.
PL
W niniejszej publikacji zaprezentowano fragmenty programu profilaktyczno-rewalidacyjnego skierowanego do dzieci z upośledzeniem umysłowym w stopniu lekkim. Opierając się na literaturze przedmiotu wyjaśniono pojęcia: profilaktyka, rewalidacja i upośledzenie. W zasadniczej części artykułu przytoczono scenariusze działań, które osadzono w pięciu sferach rozwojowych, a mianowicie w płaszczyźnie: umysłowej, fizycznej, psychicznej, emocjonalnej i społecznej. Przybliżono też cele, zadania, metody, formy i ukazano sposób organizacji oraz ewaluacji opisywanych działań. Wskazano na potrzebę indywidualnego podejścia do ucznia z upośledzeniem umysłowym oraz uświadomienia nauczycielom i wychowawcom specyficznych potrzeb edukacyjnych dzieci z upośledzeniem. W końcowej części publikacji wysunięto wnioski istotne dla praktyki pedagogicznej.
EN
The article discusses the issue of health and social effects of remote work resulting from epidemic isolation for children and schoolchildren. Basic concepts related to cyberspace were discussed and health and social threats resulting from the use of the Internet by children and adolescents were presented. Based on the literature on the subject and the professional experience of the authors, conclusions were made that are important for pedagogical practice.
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