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Muzea przemysłowe w Krakowie i we Lwowie. Geneza i pierwszy okres działalności (1868–1914)

100%
Manikowska E.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
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2020
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vol. 81
EN
The article discusses the early stages in the activity of industrial museums founded in Kraków and Lviv. The issue is analyzed as an example of creative adaptation of models and blueprints developed in the erstwhile European capitals to the reality of provincial imperial centers. The article puts emphasis on the civic character of both institutions and their role in shaping urban, regional, and national identities. Both of the discussed museums followed European models, having particularly close connections to the South Kensington Museum and the Imperial-Royal Museum of Art and Industry in Vienna and referring to it in their statutes and program activities; they also engaged in vibrant scientific exchange with institutions in the capital and other cities of the Empire and formed part of the imperial network of industrial museums. Nonetheless, the museum in Kraków and Lviv displayed uniquely local elements, developed thanks to the involvement of municipal associations, institutions, and residents.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wczesną działalność galicyjskich muzeów przemysłowych w Krakowie i we Lwowie. Jest ona analizowana jako przykład twórczej adaptacji w prowincjonalnych ośrodkach imperiów modeli i wzorców wypracowanych w ówczesnych europejskich stolicach. Szczególną uwagę zwracono na obywatelski charakter obu instytucji oraz ich rolę w kształtowaniu tożsamości miejskich, regionalnych i narodowych. Choć oba analizowane muzea wzorowane były na przykładach zagranicznych, a zwłaszcza South Kensington Museum i Imperial-Royal Museum of Art and Industry, odwoływały się do ich statutów i programów, prowadziły z instytucjami w Wiedniu i innych ośrodkach Cesarstwa ożywioną wymianę naukową, należały do sieci muzeów przemysłowych w Cesarstwie, to każde z nich miało swój odrębny rys lokalny, kształtowany dzięki zaangażowaniu miejskich stowarzyszeń, instytucji i obywateli.
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Visualising the Eastern Front: Heimatschutz and Survey Photography During the First World War

100%
Manikowska E.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2016
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vol. 113
EN
This article discusses the photographic surveys undertaken on Polish occupied lands in the framework of the German war-time Landeskunde and Kunstschutz research projects. It presents the photographic collections produced in the General Government and Ober Ost, held in larger and smaller archives, widely popularized both on the front and at home by means of the press, albums, scientific and popular publications, postcards, lantern lectures and exhibitions. It argues that the advancement of the front provided a unique opportunity for such explorations and that the German surveys were the first of such reach and scale to cover all of Polish territories. The article also traces the possible close collaboration between German and Polish scholars, photographers and institutions. In particular it juxtaposes the survey initiatives undertaken by the Warsaw civic societies with the projects of the Landeskundliche Kommission and the Warsaw Hofbauabteilung. In addition, it focuses on the close collaboration between Jan Bułhak and the German art historians in Vilnius.
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