This article is devoted to the Ukrainian movement and forming Polish administration in Volhynia in the years 1919-1921. At that time provisional administration of the Second Polish Republic operated there, starting the process of integration of that area with the Polish state. The Straż Kresowa (Eastern Borderland Guards) was set up in Volhynia with the task of establishing contact with local people. The Ukrainian movement in Volhynia at that time was not uniform. Some locals wanted to collaborate with the new authority if granted the right to freely develop nationally, culturally and religiously. Another social group was hostile towards Polish government. The latter was influenced by Bolshevik propaganda or supported independent Ukraine. Eventually the policy of the administration and the radical stand of part of society led to progressive Polish-Ukrainian confrontation.
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