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Risks Related to the Use of Dietary Supplements in the Light of Insufficient Legal Regulations and Low Public Awareness

100%
Czarnek K., Tatarczak-Michalewska M., Blicharska E.
Teka Komisji Prawniczej
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2024
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vol. 17
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issue 2
71-83
EN
In recent years, we have observed a dynamic development of the dietary supplements (SD) market in Poland has undergone a period of significant expansion and evolution. This is facilitated by the form of the products, the declared properties and the method of presentation, which includes advertising in mass media such as radio, television, press and the Internet. SDs contain mainly vitamins and minerals, as well as amino acids, fatty acids, fibre and other plant products. Their popularity and widespread use may raise a number of doubts. In Polish and European legislation, dietary supplements are classified as foodstuffs. Consequently, they are not subjected to the same rigorous testing procedures as medical products, which include assessments of potential interactions, side effects and durability. A substantial body of evidence attests to the fact that dietary supplements may contain undeclared substances or substances in doses that differ from those indicated by the manufacturer. It is therefore imperative to implement suitable quality standards and to highlight the issues pertaining to the regulatory framework governing dietary supplements.
2
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Energy Drink Use Disorder – a Review of the Literature

100%
Cholewa K., Czarnek K., Grzywacz A., Masiak J.
Teka Komisji Prawniczej
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2023
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vol. 16
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issue 1
21-31
EN
Energy drinks (EDs) are non-alcoholic, caffeine-rich drinks (>15mg/100ml), also containing other psychoactive substances, e.g. taurine. Currently, the ICD 11 and DSM 5 classifications do not specify any “Energy drink use disorder.” The purpose of this article is to review the research to date on disordered use and addiction to energy drinks. In the review, we also present an overview of contemporary concepts of the classification position of the disordered use/dependent pattern of use of Energy drinks. The results of a study by Holubcikova et al. showed that men are twice as likely to consume energy drinks as women. In a survey of young adults and adolescents in Poland, 67% of the interviewed group (n=29629) used Eds, of which 17% on a regular basis.
3
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Psychophysical Problems of Peri– and Postmenopausal Women – an Urgent Public Health Challenge

100%
Syty K., Czarnek K., Kuszta P.
Teka Komisji Prawniczej
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2023
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vol. 16
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issue 2
549-559
EN
The peri – and postmenopausal period is one-third of the average woman’s life. Despite its physiological nature, it is usually associated with a number of ailments that consequently weaken a woman’s psychophysical condition. The emergence of disorders in the psychological and somatic spheres can make it more difficult among women to perform social, domestic and professional functions, including those falling under labour law. The appearance of symptoms of anxiety and depression is much more common among women than men, and the duration of the COVID-19 epidemic has exacerbated health problems, often causing new difficulties especially in the aspect of mental health of postmenopausal women, creating a new and urgent challenge for state bodies responsible for prevention programs to create a comprehensive pilot project in this area of public health.
4
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The Effects of the Action of Chromium, Aluminum, Nickel and Iron on Human Fibroblast and Stem Cell Cultures

88%
Górska A., Markiewicz-Gospodarek A., Chilimoniuk Z., Kuszta P., Czarnek K.
Teka Komisji Prawniczej
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2022
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vol. 15
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issue 2
131-151
EN
This review is a collection of general information about chromium, aluminum, nickel and iron. We tried to include not only the data about absorption, metabolism, interactions with other elements and the importance of those microelements in the human body but also their toxic and mutagenic effects. Moreover, we examined their effect on human fibroblast and stem cell cultures which may be important due to abuse of supplementation in the population nowadays.
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