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PRINCIPLE OF ACTIVATION IN SOCIAL POLICY AND ITS RELATION TO ALLEVIATION OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION

100%
Gerbery D.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2007
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vol. 39
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issue 5
383-408
EN
The paper focuses on activation bias of current social policies and its relation to the alleviation of poverty and social exclusion. The activation is viewed as a policy paradigm that changes relationship between the welfare state and the individuals. The author distinguishes between narrow and broader understandings of the activation approach. In the broader sense, the activation aims at raising opportunities to fully-fledged social participation in all domains of society. In the narrow sense, the activation is only related to the labour market participation and decreasing of unemployment. He analyses three forms of activation that are important in order to reduce poverty and social exclusion: workfare strategies embodied in the social assistance systems, changes of the key parameters of tax-benefit systems, and last but not least the active labour market policies. The author pays attention to their potential to activate poor people and their consequences both for the target groups and social policy. The focus is also on the political discourses and assumptions which determine implementation of these programmes. Finally, the paper deals with activation potential of Slovak social policy and suggests some principles how to evaluate it.
2
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FROM POWERTY TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION

63%
Dzambazovic R., Gerbery D.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2005
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vol. 37
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issue 2
143-176
EN
The term 'social exclusion' dominates both the discussions and fight against poverty in the European Union. It has entered the Slovak politics as an imported notion and is utilised without any expert and public discussion. The aim of this study is to draw the attention to the process of conceptualisation regarding social exclusion. The authors clarify differences as well as social aspects of the academic and political discourse on poverty and social exclusion in Western European countries. Furthermore, they describe and explain the content of the concepts and how the term's content changes in relation to time (the old and the new poverty) and context (science versus politics). The political denotation and impacts of social exclusion is also analysed. This contribution offers an overview of various facets of social exclusion and possibilities of their operationalisation.
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