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Long Lexical Bundles and Standardisation in Historical Legal Texts

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Kopaczyk J.
Studia Anglica Posnaniensia
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2012
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vol. 47
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issue 2-3
3-25
EN
Standardisation on the level of text is visible in the employment of stable and fixed expressions for a specific textual purpose. When gauging the extent of standardisation in texts, one of the parameters which should be taken into consideration is the length of such stable patterns. Since it is more difficult, and therefore rarer, to reproduce long chunks of text in an unchanged form, such a practice points towards greater standardisation. To explore the textual behaviour of long fixed strings in legal texts, this paper concentrates on long lexical bundles built out of eight consecutive elements (8-grams) and their frequency and function in historical legal texts. The database for this pilot paper comprises two collections of legal and administrative texts written in Scots between the fourteenth and the sixteenth century. The research results point to a considerable degree of textual standardisation throughout the corpus and to the most prominent functions of long repetitive chunks in historical legal discourse.
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Code-switching in the records of a Scottish brotherhood in early modern Poland-Lithuania

100%
Kopaczyk J.
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics
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2013
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vol. 49
281-319
EN
This paper discusses code-switching in the records of a Protestant brotherhood which were kept by Scottish emigrants in the Polish city of Lublin in the late 17th century. This manuscript material has not been analyzed linguistically yet. Indeed, Scottish migration to the Continent in the early modern period has only recently been studied with more attention by historians while a linguistic assessment of the writings composed by the Scots in the emigrant context is still pending. The analysis shows how Latin, the universal language of administration, and Polish, the language of the host community, helped Scottish writers to construct authoritative and context-sensitive texts, or literacy events (Sebba 2012). The discussion identifies pragmatic and discourse-related differences between switches to Latin and to Polish, and pays due attention to the questions of the socio-historical background, language status, genre and channel in the context of historical code-switching.
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