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PL
Artykuł ma charakter badawczy, a jego celem jest prezentacja wyników badania przeprowadzonego wśród polskich naukowców i przedsiębiorców w latach 2013- 2014, na temat transferu wiedzy i technologii z uczelni do biznesu1. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone w formie ankiety internetowej, do której zaproszono 4000 polskich naukowców i przedsiębiorców. W rezultacie uzyskano 258 kwestionariuszy z wynikami badań. W artykule skoncentrowano się na prezentacji czynników determinujących rozwój i hamujących współpracę nauki i biznesu w zakresie transferu wiedzy i technologii w wybranych branżach. Badania autorów artykułu przyniosły informację, że najsilniej współpraca rozwija się w sektorze energetyki i ochrony środowiska. Widoczny jest niewykorzystany potencjał polskich ośrodków naukowo-badawczych w sektorach biotechnologii i informatyki. Zidentyfikowano trzy główne stymulanty, które mogą być wykorzystane do intensyfikacji współpracy przedsiębiorców i naukowców: wizerunek przedsiębiorcy, konkurencyjność oferty, dostęp do ekspertów. Wyniki badania są elementem budowania teoretycznego modelu integracji i transferu wiedzy z organizacji naukowych i badawczych do przedsiębiorstw, mogą być przydatne dla polskich przedsiębiorców, naukowców zainteresowanych komercjalizacją wyników badań oraz ośrodków wspierających rozwój innowacyjności.
EN
The article is of the research nature and its purpose is to present findings of the survey carried out among Polish researchers and entrepreneurs in the years 2013-2014 on transfer of knowledge and technology from the university to business2. The survey was carried out in the form of Internet survey to which there had been invited 4000 Polish researchers and entrepreneurs. In result, there were obtained 258 questionnaires with survey’s findings. In their article, the authors focused on presentation of the factors determining development and hampering cooperation of science and business as regards the transfer of knowledge and technology in the selected branches. Surveys carried out by the authors of the article have given the information that cooperation is developing in the strongest manner in the sector of power engineering and environmental protection. There is apparent an unexploited potential of Polish scientific and research centres in the sectors of biotechnology and computer science. The authors identified three main stimulators that may be used to intensify cooperation between entrepreneurs and researchers: the entrepreneur’s image, offer competitiveness, and access to experts. The survey findings are an element of building the theoretical model of integration and knowledge transfer from scientific, research organisations to enterprises, they may be useful for Polish entrepreneurs and researchers interested in commercialisation of research findings, and the centres supporting the development of innovativeness.
RU
Статья имеет исследовательский характер, ее же цель – презентация результатов обследования, проведенного среди польских ученых и предпринимателей в период 2013-2014 гг., по вопросу о трансферте знаний и технологии из вуза в бизнес3. Обследование провели в форме интернет-анкеты, к которой пригласили 4000 польских ученых и предпринимателей. В итоге получили 258 вопросников с результатами обследований. В статье сосредоточили внимание на презентации факторов, определяющих развитие и тормозящих сотрудничество науки и бизнеса в области трансферта знаний и технологии в избран- ных отраслях. Обследования, проведенные авторами статьи, принесли информацию, что сильнее всего сотрудничество развивается в секторе энергетики и защиты окружающей среды. Налицо неиспользованный потенциал польских научнисследовательских центров в секторах биотехнологии и информатики. Выявили три основных стимулятора, которые могут быть использованы для интенсифицирования сотрудничества предпринимателей и ученых: облик предпринимателя, конкурентоспособность предложения, доступ к экспертам. Результаты обследования – элемент построения теоретической модели интеграции и трансферта знаний из научных и исследовательских организаций на предприятия; они могут пригодиться польским предпринимателям и ученым, заинтересованным в коммерциализации результатов обследований, а также центрам по поддержке развития инновационности.
EN
Historically, the Caucasus has always been the object of special interest of dominant international actors due to its favourable geographical location. Such interest continues today. Despite the difficulties in the region (internal conflicts, different economic and political environments), the Caucasus countries-Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan-are taking significant steps towards establishing close and solid relations with the European Union (EU), improving the economy, and improving politics. The purpose of this article is to analyse the elements of industry and science cooperation. The university and business cooperation is seen as a very complex field and an important component of the country's innovative ecosystem which has long been the subject of research and analysis. The presented article provides for a study of the innovation ecosystem and its infrastructure in the countries of the Caucasus, and mechanisms for the development of the university and businessm cooperation (UBC) process, which is of particular importance for these countries, which are characterized by very low rates of innovation and competitiveness.
EN
Georgia, despite the country's specific and complex geostrategic position, continually tense political environment, diverse views on economic development among its society and many other issues, nevertheless resolutely strives towards an overarching national idea: liberation from Russian occupation, unification of the country, formation of a knowledge economy and European integration. Crucial for this idea is economic development, which in turn hinges in part on innovation. The pace and scale of innovation are shaped primarily by scientific research and entrepreneurial achievements. Robust economic development therefore requires universities to increase entrepreneurship and initiate change in the areas of science, technology development, and new technology startup support in economic and social terms. In this article, we examine the strong relationship between the development of an appropriate ecosystem for start-ups and support for the process of new business formation in Georgia. Academic centers form one of the essential components of the ecosystem for start-ups in Georgia; their development guarantees access to knowledge and the ability to manage entrepreneurship, and the development of new companies, including innovative ones.
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