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May You Live in Interesting Times. Science vs. Pseudoscience in the Era of the Internet

100%
Szynkiewicz M.
Ethics in Progress
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2020
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vol. 11
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issue 1
85-98
PL
May you live in interesting times, the famous maxim quotes. Undoubtedly, at least in the historical context, periods of political, social, scientific, or economic riots – or at least commotion, ferment, crisis – have certainly earned such a title. So have the epochs which were subject to radical transformations distorting traditional relationships and institutions, existing patterns and rules. The abovementioned “interestingness” is thus a function of a radical change, challenge and variability, somewhat a derivative of erosion, and of all that we associate it with the notion of revolution or turn, be it political, social, economic, environmental, or scientific. The paper’s core aim is to examine the nowadays constantly revised, questioned, thus, shaking demarcation between science and pseudoscience in the light of new trends such as misinformation, denialism, internetisation and memoisation of scientific discourses.
2
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Kosmos i filozofia – kilka uwag na temat „niepokoju kosmologicznego” Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza

100%
Szynkiewicz M.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 2
66-86
EN
Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz was one of the greatest and unconventional artists of his generation. This text pertains to philosophical aspects of S.I. Witkiewicz literature. The author’s philosophical vision of cosmos and sense of human live is examined from the perspective of a claim that philosophical contemplation is inherent in the cosmological contexts of Witkiewicz’s novels.
3
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Detection of Conspiracy Narratives Using the Information Marker Method. A Study in the Methodology and Philosophy of Information

100%
Szynkiewicz M.
Ethics in Progress
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2023
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vol. 14
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issue 2
77-89
EN
The article will present the main assumptions of the information marker method, which can be used for recognizing the characteristics of conspiracy theories conveyed in the content of informational messages – texts, statements, recordings, etc. The proposed method draws on the conspiracy thinking model CONSPIR (Lewandowsky & Cook 2020) and has a practical component. However, the technique presented in the paper constitutes a modification and addition to the original proposal. First, it deals with a problem frame that is different from that of CONSPIR, since it is applied to formulated information messages. Hence the marker method is not an instrument for analyzing cognitive attitudes or patterns of conspiracy thinking. Secondly, the proposed tool is profiled in terms of content focused on scientific issues (mainly pertaining to the natural and applied sciences). Third, given the characteristics and structure of the communication under consideration, I replace the widely used term “conspiracy theory” with the more universal concept of “conspiracy narrative,” which seems to reflect more adequately the specific features of such information messages. Fourth, given the more specific purpose of the marker method compared to that of the CONSPIR model, I will try (where possible) to refrain from citing specific examples of conspiracy narratives, referring to singular events and personal examples. Consequently, to use a phrase widely used in methodology, the presented technique can be applied to all cases of a given type.
4
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University Students’ vs. Lay People’s Perspectives on Organ Donation and Improving Health Communication in Poland

33%
Boratyński W., Bączek G., Dyzmann-Sroka A., Jędrzejczak A., Kielan A., Mularczyk-Tomczewska P., Nowak E., Steć M., Szynkiewicz M.
Ethics in Progress
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 2
99-117
EN
Given that organ transplant is a standard medical technology admitted in medical practice, and taking into consideration that Polish transplantology is regarded among the most advanced in the world one should expect to find similarly high levels of acceptance in interviewees asked for their opinion on vital organ transplantation and their willingness to donate a paired organ ex vivo, or a vital organ ex mortuo in order to rescue the life of a recipient with a missing vital organ. The paper presents research build on the societal assessment of vital organ donation and transplant policies in Poland with the focus on students. Data have been collected at three different universities (Boratyński et al., Questionnaire on the Bases of Transplantation Medicine 2016/7). Various assessments concerning a vital organ donation have been observed. The authors discuss educational factors contributing to these variety including factual knowledge and ethical issues.
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