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PL
Niniejszy artykuł stanowi wkład w rosnącą literaturę poświęconą konsekwencjom technologicznym osobliwości napędzanej przez sztuczną inteligencję (SI) i jej skutkom gospodarczym. Analiza skupia się na trzech kluczowych aspektach. Po pierwsze, uwagę poświęcono koncepcji ogólnej sztucznej inteligencji (AGI), superinteligencji AI i samej osobliwości. Następnie omówiono problem dostosowania SI, odnosząc się do potencjalnych skutków superinteligentnej SI dla ludzkiej cywilizacji. Wykorzystując teorię strukturacji Giddensa, podkreślono także znaczącą rolę „autorytatywnych zasobów” opartych na sztucznej inteligencji w określaniu alokacji zasobów i zapewnianiu sprawiedliwości dystrybucyjnej w społeczeństwie technoutopijnym. W artykule przeanalizowano również ideę utopii i „końca historii”, a we wnioskach zasugerowano, że osiągnięcie technologicznej utopii z superinteligentną sztuczną inteligencją stanowi problem projektowania mechanizmów.
EN
This paper contributes to the growing body of literature exploring the ramifications of AI-driven technological singularity and its economic implications. The exploration unfolds in three key segments. First, it sheds light on the concepts of artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI superintelligence, and singularity itself. Subsequently, it discusses the AI alignment problem, addressing the potential outcomes of superintelligent AI on human civilisation. Further, Giddens’ structuration theory is used to highlight the prominent role of AI-based “authoritative resources” in determining the allocation of resources and ensuring distributive justice in a techno-utopian society. The paper also explores the idea of utopia and the “end of history” and concludes with the suggestion that achieving a technological utopia with superintelligent AI is a mechanism design problem.
EN
Summary This paper aims to investigate recent employment trends in the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir with the help of some key employment indicators such as UR, LFPR, and WPR. Material and methods The findings are based on the unit-level data of the PLFS over the period of 2017-18 to 2021-22. Results The study highlights that the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in Jammu & Kashmir in 2021-22 remains high ( at 46.4%) compared to the northern states of Uttarakhand, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, and all of India’s LFPR as well. The female LFPR in Jammu & Kashmir (at 34.1%) has also shown much better prospects compared to all India levels, which is exceptionally low at 24.8 per cent. Conclusions A continuous improvement in female LFPR and WPR is recorded after the imposition of the President’s Rule in the state. High female WPR positively correlates with factors like a peaceful workplace, workplace security.
EN
Summary In this paper, we aim to present numerical data shedding light on the employment challenges in Haryana, emphasizing the issues of elevated youth unemployment, a diminished labour force participation rate, and a low worker-population ratio. Material and methods The insights are drawn from unit-level data gathered in periodic labour force surveys. Results The study underscores that Haryana's labour force participation rate is notably lower compared to neighbouring states, the national average, and global standards. Women bear a significant burden, experiencing remarkably low labour force participation rates compared to males. The situation is exacerbated for young individuals and those with higher education. Despite a positive note in the declining unemployment rate from 9.2% to 6.5% between 2018-19 and 2019-20, there remains a connection between higher educational attainment and increased unemployment, indicating a scarcity of opportunities for educated employment. Conclusions The research highlights Haryana's low LFPR, notably below neighboring states, the national average, and global norms.
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