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EN
The development of modern technologies applicable to the financial sector in recent years has become one of the key factors determining the work on central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). In addition, concerns about the growing expansion of the unregulated cryptocurrency market, as well as the costs of issuing and distributing cash by some banks, have contributed to the emergence of many pilot projects leading to the development of CBDCs. Only a few small economies have decided to fully implement them. The aim of the article is to present practical cases of CBDC implementation in countries that have introduced digital cash. By presenting the issues of central bank digital currency, the technical aspects and reasons for its implementation in the Bahamas, Jamaica, Nigeria and the Eastern Caribbean Monetary Union will be determined. As part of this goal, an in-depth analysis of domestic and foreign literature was carried out with the use of reports presented by international financial institutions, as well as central banks of individual economies. It has been proven that there are similar reasons for the implementation of CBDCs in selected countries, and that, despite the growing number of this currency in circulation, it does not arouse the expected interest from the public. This fact does not result from the technology used, but from the broadly understood trust and social acceptance of the financial product offered.
PL
Rozwój nowoczesnych technologii mających zastosowanie w sektorze finansowym w ostatnich latach stał się jednym z kluczowych czynników determinujących prace w zakresie cyfrowych walut banków centralnych (CBDC). Ponadto obawy związane z rosnącą ekspansją nieuregulowanego rynku kryptowalut, a także koszty emisji oraz dystrybucji gotówki ponoszone przez niektóre banki przyczyniły się do powstania wielu projektów pilotażowych prowadzących do opracowania CBDC. Na kompletne wdrożenie zdecydowało się jedynie kilka niewielkich gospodarek. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie praktycznych przypadków implementacji CBDC w krajach, które wprowadziły cyfrową gotówkę. Poprzez zaprezentowanie problematyki pieniądza cyfrowego banku centralnego zostaną określone techniczne aspekty oraz przyczyny jego wdrożenia na Bahamach, Jamajce, w Nigerii oraz we Wschodniokaraibskiej Unii Walutowej. W ramach tak zdefiniowanego celu dokonano pogłębionej analizy literatury. Dowiedziono, że występują podobne przyczyny wdrażania CBDC w wybranych krajach i że pomimo rosnącej liczby tej waluty w obiegu nie wzbudza ona zakładanego zainteresowania ze strony społeczeństwa. Fakt ten nie wynika z zastosowanej technologii, lecz akceptacji społecznej i szeroko rozumianego zaufania do oferowanego produktu finansowego.
EN
The rapid digitalization of consumer behavior presents businesses with unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a key driver of efficiency, enabling companies to analyze vast amounts of consumer data, personalize experiences and enhance decision-making processes. The paper aims to examine how AI-driven tools contribute to business transformation, focusing on their impact on operational efficiency, customer engagement and market competitiveness. The research employs a multi-method approach, including literature reviews, secondary data analysis and case studies of AI implementation in enterprises operating on the Polish market. Findings highlight the dual nature of AI adoption: while it enhances productivity, accuracy and sustainability, businesses must also navigate the risks related to data security, compliance and financial feasibility. The study underscores the importance of dynamic capabilities in leveraging AI for strategic growth while mitigating the associated challenges. The results contribute to the discourse on AI's role in shaping modern e-commerce, offering practical insights for companies seeking to integrate AI-driven solutions effectively.
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