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GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A ONE-WAY OR TWO-WAY RELATIONSHIP?

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Kordalska A., Olczyk M.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
|
2016
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
121-142
EN
The Global Competitiveness Index is treated as a standard to measure the competitiveness of countries. Leaders look at it to make policy and resource allocation decisions, because global competitiveness is expected to be related to economic growth. However, studies which analyze the empirical relationship between these two economic categories are very rare. It is still an open question in the literature whether economic growth can be used to predict future global competitiveness or the other way round. This paper empirically tests the relationship between the GCI and the economic growth rate by using a panel Granger causality analysis based on annual data for 114 countries divided into five groups by income criteria and covering the period 2006-2014. We confirm a strong unidirectional causality among the countries analyzed, i.e. GDP growth causes global competitiveness. Additionally, we find that the GCI is successful in predicting economic growth for the majority low income and OCED high income counties, but among the middle income countries this relationship exists only for large economies such as China and India.
2

Is Germany a Hub of 'Factory Europe' for CEE Countries?

100%
Kordalska A., Olczyk M.
Ekonomista
|
2019
|
issue 6
734-759
PL
Celem artykułu jest dekompozycja eksportu oraz importu brutto do Niemiec i z Niemiec dla siedmiu wybranych gospodarek Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej (EŚW): Czech, Estonii, Litwy, Łotwy, Polski, Słowacji i Węgier w latach 2000 i 2014, a także określenie roli Niemiec w absorpcji, reeksporcie i redystrybucji wartości dodanej wytworzonej w krajach EŚW. W analizie wykorzystywana jest dekompozycja eksportu brutto zaproponowana przez Borina i Manciniego (2017), będąca rozszerzeniem metody Koopmana i in. (2014). Przeprowadzona analiza wskazuje na silną integrację krajów EŚW z europejskim centrum przemysłowym ulokowanym w Niemczech, a jednocześnie mniejszą rolę Niemiec jako miejsca ostatecznego przeznaczenia eksportowanych wyrobów. Gospodarka niemiecka odgrywa coraz większą rolę w redystrybucji towarów eksportowanych przez kraje EŚW do krajów trzecich, takich jak USA, Chiny i Rosja. Ponadto stwierdzono, że eksportowana do Niemiec wartość dodana pochodząca z krajów bałtyckich i Polski zawarta jest głównie w usługach, natomiast w przypadku pozostałych krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej - w wyrobach przemysłowych.
EN
The goal of the paper is to decompose gross exports and imports to/from Germany for seven selected economies in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland and Slovakia for 2000 and 2014, in order to identify the role of Germany in absorbing, reflecting and redirecting CEE trade. The authors use a gross trade decomposition proposed by Bonin and Mancini (2017), which is the extended version of the methodology of Koopman et al. (2014). The analysis shows a deep integration of CEE into 'Factory Germany' as the European industrial centre and a smaller role of Germany as a market of final destination. Germany plays an increasing role in the redirection of CEE exports to extra-European destinations, especially to the USA, China, and Russia. Additionally, it is found that the Baltic countries and Poland export domestic value added mostly included in services, while the Visegrád countries do so in manufacturing.
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