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EN
This article discusses an attempt to answer the question posed by Jean-Luc Nancy in his book entitled 'La Déclosion': 'Is the Jew-Greek that Derrida describes at the end of 'Violence and Metaphysics' not a Christian?' At the beginning, the author outlines the issues that are introduced by the uncertainty expressed in this question concerning the nature of Christianity and attempts to present the basic theses of deconstruction as viewed by Nancy. Next, the author describes a fragment of the Book of James (James 1, 17) that describes the godly gifts. The traits of Jewish and non-Christian thought included in this fragment are pointed out. The next part emphasizes the aspect of the specifically Christian attitude towards the question of godly gifts. Thus, the author indicates that in the Christian view of this issue there is content that it is impossible to find in Jewish and non-Christian Greek thought. In conclusion, the author draws attention to the concurrence of the conclusion with certain findings of contemporary phenomenology.
EN
In this article criticism of the belief of existential basis of the idea of guilt is presented: the belief that the idea of guilt can exist only owing the existential guilt. Additionally, a hypothesis is presented that it is rather denotation and not ontology that may be the basis or condition of this idea. The author concentrated predominantly on texts by Martin Heidegger and showed stands concerning guilt and donation therein. To justify the presented hypothesis he also addressed the works of Jean-Luc Marion. The issue of condition of the idea of guilt can be viewed in a light that the existential problem may remain detached from donation and the very phenomenology of donation needs to be supplemented with the category of guilt.
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