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The article presents the state of research and prospects for further development of Polish cultural studies towards the end of the 2010s. Occasionally accused of being stagnant or non-specific, the discipline is analyzed through the category of vitality. By applying it, the author attempts to provide a synthetic reconstruction of the panorama of Polish cultural studies. It is not only dense and diverse, but it also seems to have a guaranteed future. Polish cultural studies defends itself in the social field of relations in which contemporary researchers operate.
EN
This article seeks to present the contemporary condition of Elbląg, a city in northern Poland, from the vantage point of accumulated city biographies, urbanology, urban studies and knowledge of port cities. Rather than a chronologically organised historical account, the text is the first socio-cultural and problem-oriented study for a more thorough biography. Elbląg’s questioning of the administrative classifications of urban areas into large, medium-sized or small, emerges as the leitmotif of this analysis. Despite meeting the urban and geographical criteria of a large city, Elbląg has been classified by the Polish Ministry of Development Funds and Regional Policy as a medium-sized city, while issues related to its development and image (the socio-economic stagnation and infrastructural neglect manifested through a variety of social, cultural and spatial factors) seem to place it in the category of small towns. In 1999, Elbląg lost its status as a capital city of the Elbląg Voivodeship (province). The preceding political and economic transformation posed a particular challenge for the city’s community. Given its return to the Baltic Sea and port traditions as a result of a new shipping canal providing access to the open sea, Elbląg requires a more complete definition of its identity and the role the maritime element should play in this process. The author highlights the need for Elbląg’s ‘re-harbouring’, albeit as a city with a medium-sized port at most, based on the construction of a waterway connecting the Gulf of Gdańsk with the Vistula Lagoon. Perceived as controversial, the investment attracts many comments, most of which tend to disregard the actual situation and the needs of Elbląg and the entire region.
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EN
The new concept of Small-Town Syndrome (in Polish: małomiasteczkowość, which literally translates as ‘small-townedness’) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. It accommodates descriptions of space other than those attributed to the opposition of the countryside vs. the city (a large metropolis and city life). Surveys by the Public Opinion Research Centre (CBOS) indicate that only 13% of Poles would like to live in the city. While Small-Town Syndrome remains a relative term, the city–countryside opposition is currently undergoing deconstruction. One can no longer think of rural areas only as ‘orientalised’ world, provinces or peripheries ridden with complexes (although the latter can still be the case). Neither can it be romanticised, as was a common practice in the mid-20th century and the then popular vision of global village (cf. Leszek Kołakowski). This deconstruction combined with the subsequent disenchantment with the previous visions of life and the simultaneous recognition of the ‘new magic’ of social reality allow the world to open anew, with small-townedness emerging as a strong voice in public life and, frequently, a mediator between the city and the countryside. As a hybrid concept, it shows the dynamics of the clash between the local and supra-local forces. The revival of small towns has been driven by the Covid-19 pandemic, during which many young people returned to their family towns and localities. What was it like for them? Is the small-town locality a newly invented tradition or one that has been regained? Will this socio-cultural change trigger the processes of deglomeration? Can the provinces become a new utopia? Do we need a new anthropology of everyday life to take a fresh look on the detail as a reflection of the general picture and understand the contemporary phenomenon of small-townedness?
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