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(Why?) Evidence-Based Treatments for War-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

100%
Popiel A., Pragłowska E., Zawadzki B.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2024
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vol. 50 (L)
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issue 2 (192)
169-188
EN
Any war increases at least twice the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in its victims. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects about 10% of car accident victims, half of the people who have experienced rape or war, and victims of violence. PTSD negatively affects the quality of life. It is associated with direct and indirect health costs. Any effort to treat and prevent PTSD with evidence-based methods is our obligation toward trauma victims and to professionals at an increased risk of job-related traumatization. In the paper, we will focus on three aspects. First – a rationale of decision making – the role of evidence in elaborating the intervention guidelines will be described. Second, an overview of evidence-based guidelines for the psychological help and for the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD will be presented, according to current NICE (National Institute of Care Excellence) and APA (American Psychological Association) and meta-analyses focusing on war-related trauma. The third part of the paper will be devoted to the prevention of PTSD in people who are exposed to professional, duty-related trauma – the data on the efficacy of preventive interventions together with a short description of the programs (on the example of “Effective performance under stress” program designed to prevent PTSD in firefighters and other professions).
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Temperamentalna charakterystyka zaburzeń osobowości

88%
Zawadzki B., Rozmysłowska J., Nowocin D., Popiel A., Pragłowska E.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
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2012
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vol. 25
7-23
EN
The aim of the paper was empirical verification of the relationship between temperamental traits (according to RTT) and personality disorders. Two hypotheses were tested - the possibility of describing the specific profile of temperamental traits for each disorder or identifying the common temperamental characteristics for all personality disorders. The data were obtained in the study of more than 1700 subjects, assessed by self-report measures: TALEIA-400A, PBQ and SCID-II questionnaire for personality disorders, and the FCB-TI for temperamental traits. The results indicate the high similarity of correlational profiles of temperamental traits with all personality disorders, which may be classified into “week” (characterized by the low capacity for stimulation processing - involving Cluster A, C and borderline personality disorder) or “overstimulated” type of temperament (characterized by dysregulation of stimulation supply – Cluster B: antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorder). Identifying the specific profile of relations of temperamental traits for each of 10 personality disorders (described in DSM IV) was not possible.
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