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PL
Autorzy mimo, że podejmują analizę funkcjonowania państwowych przedsiębiorstw rolnych, tj. przedsiębiorstw działających w daleko odmiennej sferze niż przedsiębiorstwa przemysłowe, to jednak w istocie analizują te same problemy, które są podjęte w innych opracowaniach zamieszczonych w tym zbiorze a dotyczących przedsiębiorstwa. Zajmują się Oni problematyką organizacyjnych zmian w systemie państwowych przedsiębiorstw rolnych, instrumentami sterowania procesami gospodarczymi, systemem motywacyjnymi. Akcentując, że r. 1981 przyniósł ostateczną dyskredytację bezpośrednich mechanizmów i centralnej alokacji i jednocześnie stworzył - teoretycznie - przesłanki poprawy racjonalności gospodarowania. Odwołując się do wyników badań empirycznych własnych i innych ośrodków naukowych oraz piśmiennictwa wykazują jednakowoż słabości wielu rozwiązań, których usunięcie warunkuje postęp w efektywności gospodarowania.
EN
An attempt at remodelling the economic-financial system binding state agricultural farms was made in mid-1981. The system of commands and centralized allocation of supplies used for many years had proved to be poorly effective, hampering increase in efficiency, and promoting involvement of disproportionately high inputs in relation to obtained production effects. The operation of this system had shown many negative phenomena reflecting negatively on conditions and effects of activity of state agricultural farms. Thus, it is no wonder that the system has become an object of strong criticism on the part of specialists and the general public in the late seventies. The response and the expression of reformatory tendencies in the economic sphere was an attempt aiming at basing the operation of these farms on new principles undertaken as from July 1, 1981. The main principles under lying the new economic-financial system of state agricultural farms were autonomy, self-financing of their entire economic activity, and self-management of employees. The system introduced a principle that state agricultural enterprises shape their organization, directions and structure of production, and plan their economic-financial operations in a fully autonomous way. The very essence of the agrarian issue in Poland, organizational prerequisites of the state sector functioning, instruments of controlling economic processes in this sector , as well as the motivation system have become an object of analysis and critical evaluation based on the authors' own studies and the literature of the subject.
EN
The study is an attempt at a scientific reflection on transformations and functioning of the Polish agriculture during the process of transition to a market economy (covering the period since 1989). It has been based on theoretical and empirical research on this subject carried by the authors for several years now. The study consists of an introduction and four chapters. Generally speaking, they deal with the analysis and evaluation of experience of agricultural farma (family and atate-owned) operating in changing economlc-political conditions and the atate agricultural policy. Against this background, the authors analyte the Impact of various measures on efficiency of farming activity, directions and forms of transformations, adaptation stimuli and barriers, development dilemmas, etc. The operation of agricultural farms over the last three years has been an object of a most detailed analysis due to radicalization and acceleration of systemic transformations of the Polish economy. Apart from its analytical stratum the study contains also numerous recommendations concerning the principles of elaborating the agricultural policy.
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