As statistics in Poland show, more and more younger people reach for alcohol and, what is more, they struggle to control their drinking. This often leads to a number of serious consequences for all health, economic, psychological, and social ones. They include beatings, injuries, loss of material property or even conflict with the law. Uncontrolled chemical intoxication may even lead to the long-term consequences which is e.g. addiction to alcohol. In some countries, they apply a form of assistance to people drinking in a risky way, and not only to them, which is aimed at the acquisition of skills for controlling alcohol consumption. There are used a number of methods and progressive stages of dealing with the client, so that he or she would learn controlled drinking. Therefore, not only this article briefly presents the causes and mechanisms of addiction resulting in the wide range of consequences, but also is the proposal for a strategy of assistance for young adults focused on the acquisition of skills in controlling the use of alcohol, as well as shows the results of the effectiveness of this form of assistance in some countries in the world.
The term “weak ties” can be discussed in the context of both, interpersonal relationships in an anonymous metropolis and a mass society. Can the case of ródka in Pozna" be applied to certain questions relating to the phenomenon of weak ties? It is clearly visible, that revitalisation in this area of the city has lost its momentum now. Municipal program was a temporary way to avoid progressive degradation and increasing gentrification. However, in the most lively period of projects and events at ródka experts often referred to the traditional ties between inhabitants and invoked the urgency of their activities. Even the minimum effort and engagement was to trigger the renovation processes and contribute to the so-calledsustainable development of ródka. It is worth asking at this point, who emphasized the role of local relations and animated the sequence of revitalizing events? What were the goals of revitalization animators? Did we come across the true cooperation of local residents, or perhaps the social participation was limited to the show for "tourists" from other parts of the city? Were the city officials able to engage the community of ródka? And if not the officials – were the artists able to (re)build relationships and connections between inhabitants? Their projects – both individual and group ones – are an important material for research To understand the growing complexity of the case of ródka, it is essential to discover its historical background and consider the relative isolation of ródka in the previous times. In the first half of the twentieth century, the district was perceived as a local base of crafts and small trade. Its distinctive mark were strong neighborhood ties. Can these ties – partly mythologized – now become the driving force of the revitalization?
Nowadays, the education process becomes more flexible, and in connection with intense socio-cultural changes, more and more difficult to implement. Certainly this is due to the dynamics of life of the members of the family system who, instead of with each other, increasingly live side by side, fulfilling themselves in the professional level, but not always in a personal level. But this has not always been so. As a result, the objective of this article is to introduce the problems of evaluating the importance and practice of the educational process in families over the pre-industrial, industrial and post-industrial era, and show the result of its strong ties with the socio-cultural and economic processes, which were current at that time and are currently today too.
PL
Współcześnie proces wychowania staje się coraz bardziej elastyczny i w związku z intensywnymi zmianami społeczno-kulturowymi, coraz trudniejszy w realizacji. Z pewnością wynika to z dynamiki życia członków systemu rodzinnego, którzy zamiast ze sobą, coraz częściej żyją obok siebie, realizując się w płaszczyźnie zawodowej, a nie zawsze w płaszczyźnie prywatnej. Nie zawsze jednak tak było. W związku z czym celem niniejszego artykułu będzie wprowadzenie w problematykę ewaluowania znaczenia i praktykowania procesu wychowawczego w rodzinach, na przestrzeni epoki preindustrialnej, industrialnej oraz postindustrialnej, a w rezultacie ukazania jego silnych związków z procesami społeczno-kulturowo-ekonomicznymi, jakie miały wówczas oraz mają aktualnie miejsce.
Within the literature addressing the subject, extensive discussions revolve around the functioning of individuals with alcohol addiction and their families. It is widely recognized that growing up in a dysfunctional environment significantly influences an individual's overall functioning, interpersonal relationships, and self-perception. In this article, I aim to present the findings of qualitative research conducted through the biographical method, focusing on adults who were raised in alcoholic families. Specifically, I will explore their self-esteem during childhood: How did they perceive themselves? To what extent did their upbringing in an alcoholic family impact their self-esteem? Additionally, I will reference research conducted by other authors, including international studies, that shed light on how being raised in an alcoholic family can contribute to the development of low self-esteem in children, consequently affecting their relationships with others, and most importantly, with themselves.
PL
W literaturze przedmiotu szeroko dyskutowany jest wątek dotyczący funkcjonowania osoby uzależnionej od alkoholu, jak również jej rodziny. Wiadomo, że dorastanie w dysfunkcyjnym środowisku będzie rzutowało na sposób funkcjonowania jednostki, jej relacje z innymi ludźmi a także z samym sobą. W niniejszym artykule pragnę zaprezentować wyniki badań jakościowych, przy wykorzystaniu metody biograficznej, wśród dorosłych osób wychowywanych w rodzinie alkoholowej. Dotyczą one poczucia własnej wartości dorosłych dzieci alkoholików w okresie ich dzieciństwa. Jak postrzegały siebie (dda )? W jakim stopniu dorastanie w rodzinie alkoholowej rzutowało na ich poczucie własnej wartości? Nawiążę również do wyników badań innych autorów, w tym zagranicznych, obrazujących to, w jaki sposób dorastanie w rodzinie alkoholowej może przyczynić się do wykształcenia u dziecka niskiego poczucia własnej wartości a tym samym rzutować na jego relacje z innymi ludźmi a przede wszystkim z samym sobą.
The article presents the results of a research study on the situation of contemporary post-graduate students. Focus group interviews helped obtain post-graduate students’ opinions about the conditions of starting and continuing doctoral studies. The discussion focused on three main topics: motivation to start doctoral studies, the quality and conditions of doctoral studies evaluation, and the advantages and disadvantages of undertaking doctoral studies. Analysis of the respondents’ statements shows that the motivations for starting doctoral studies vary strongly. Common in the experience of the interlocutors is a lack of stability in life (including financialstability), insecurity of employment, overload, and stress. However, post-graduate students presented also positive aspects of doctoral studies, e.g.: social prestige or the possibility of development. The last part of the article describes issues related to problems and pathological phenomena (such as ‘punctasis’/‘points, credits collecting’), pointing to systemic and individual limitations affecting the situation of doctoral students in the Polish tertiary education system.
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