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EN
In Bergoglio’s thinking, to build on fraternity in order to create a culture of encounter and justice means to move together towards unity, which helps to be committed “to allow people to serve as a body despite differences of viewpoint, physical separation and human ego”.[1] This attitude and these commitments will prevent us from falling into uniformity while respecting the values and richness of plurality. In fact, in today’s world, while we are more and more interconnected we experience a deep sense of division, especially at the social and economic level. Our societies and communities are more and more fragmented and this creates dangerous polarizations, as it is seen in politics and social life. Fraternity will help to foster dialogue at all levels and this will enable people “to generate a shared horizon toward which we can all move forward together”.[2] This does not mean, in Pope Francis’ understanding, denying tensions and differences. It rather calls for the engagement of everyone and all communities to work for a wider unity where all differences remain and coexist while working together. This reading of the present reality can help us react to the pandemic as a people, as a whole humanity with its differences and riches. But we need the courage “to restore an ethics of fraternity and solidarity, regenerating the bonds of trust and belonging. For what it saves is not an idea but an encounter.”   [1] Ibid., p. 68. [2] Ibid., p. 76.
PL
Artykuł opisuje jedno z najciekawszych zjawisk w dziejach misji – powstanie i rozwój stowarzyszeń misyjnych, na przełomie XVIII i XIX w. Początek tej historii był skromny i wiązał się z doświadczeniem prostego szewca, który został pastorem baptystycznym i misjonarzem w Indiach. Jednak wkrótce jego doświadczenie zostało przejęte przez wszystkie Kościoły wywodzące się z reformacji. Cechą charakterystyczną tego procesu była spontaniczność w tworzeniu stowarzyszeń, których celem było głoszenie Ewangelii w krajach zamorskich. Dla świata protestanckiego była to nowość, gdyż w pierwszym i drugim wieku po dokonaniach Lutra i Kalwina jego zaangażowanie misyjne było niewielkie. W relatywnie krótkim czasie stowarzyszenia zdołały wytworzyć własne dyrektywy duszpasterskie, a ich członkowie na misjach zaangażowali się także w projekty społeczne i edukacyjne, ściśle związane z działalnością misyjną. W artykule ukazano także pewne ograniczenia, które były związane z działalnością stowarzyszeń misyjnych.
EN
The present study attempts to describe one of the most interesting phenomena in the history of missions: the birth and development of the Missionary Societies, which arose between the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. The beginning was linked to the humble story of a simple shoemaker, turned Baptist pastor and a missionary in India but it soon developed within all main Churches of the Reformation. Characteristic of the phenomenon was the spontaneity of giving life to societies aiming at preaching the Gospel overseas. It was a novelty in the Reformation world as the missionary venture had found a difficult ground to develop in the first two centuries after Luther and Calvin. These societies were capable in reasonably short time to develop their own pastoral guide-lines and policy and their members in the overseas missions committed themselves to social issues and educational projects as part of the evangelising project. The article examines these elements and other aspects trying to highlight also unavoidable limitation encountered in the process.
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