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EN
The paper presents a contrastive description of the basic colour term ‘yellow’ in Polish and German from the point of view of its prototypical reference, etymological data, symbolism, linguistic collocations, connotative features, linguistic and cultural reference and figurative use in both languages to discover cultural similarities and differences ‘hidden’ in the analysed expressions. The author discusses the linguistic conceptualisation and the sense of żółty /yellow in Polish in comparison to that of gelb/yellow in German and compares the classes of objects referred to by the given colour terms. Various types of objects (plants, animals, anatomic structure, body parts, illnesses, appearance, terms for people, foods, artifacts, idiomatic expressions) in each of the languages are studied.
EN
This paper focuses on the problem of cultural differences with respect to legal terms translation concerning the extradition procedure between Germany and Poland. In this context, the question as to how to tailor German legal terminology referring to institutional and office names to that of the Polish language in order to make the text comprehensible and understandable for Polish readers, e.g., judges, prosecutors or legal representatives, will be considered from a cultural perspective. The study is illustrated by examples from a German prosecutor’s letters to the Polish District Court regarding extradition arrangement.
EN
Phraseological units are an integral part of foreign language teaching. The present paper is an attempt to improve and describe the state of selected errors made by learners when they use idioms as fixed and restricted word combinations in language. The aim of the paper is to explain selected errors in written texts produced by learners of German as a foreign language in the neophilological education. It is argued that the use of the mother tongue with the lack of knowledge of the foreign cultural background is the reason for the lexical errors when producing phraseological units in a foreign language. Errors are made because learners have not acquired sufficient linguistic und cultural knowledge to produce the given phraseological units correctly. The learners make use of their Polish knowledge in German production. They produce lexical calques that do not exist in German. The mother tongue influences cultural patterns of thought and perception through a culture-specific segmentation of the extralinguistic reality. Errors of this type are a result of the incomprehensibility and/ or misunderstanding of cultural differences between languages.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest problemowi wielojęzyczności i pozytywnego transferu w procesie glottodydaktycznym. Uwagę skupiono na pozytywnym transferze wynikającym ze znajomości języka ojczystego oraz dwóch języków obcych. Osoby uczące się języków obcych wykazują naturalną tendencję do tego, aby korzystać z całej swojej posiadanej wiedzy. Dlatego odwołują się one do tego, co już jest im znane, z czym czują się dobrze i pewnie, czyli w pierwszej kolejności do języka ojczystego, a w dalszej do poznawanych języków obcych. Na przykładzie badania przeprowadzonego wśród studentów lingwistyki stosowanej Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, którzy uczą się języka angielskiego jako pierwszego języka obcego oraz języka niemieckiego jako drugiego języka obcego, przedstawiono, jak osoby na zaawansowanym etapie nauki ułatwiają sobie przyswajanie i zapamiętywanie obcojęzycznej leksyki w relacji język polski → język angielski, język polski → język niemiecki, język angielski → język niemiecki oraz język niemiecki → język angielski.
EN
The following article presents the problem of positive language transfer in a foreign language learning process. The paper explores results of an inquiry made among the students of Applied Linguistics at the Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz and discusses the question: How do the mother tongue and the first mastered foreign language facilitate the learning of the new vocabulary in the next foreign language? The author explains the problem in relation to Polish → English, Polish → German, English → German and German → English.
Neofilolog
|
2017
|
issue 49/2
235-255
EN
The article discusses the problem of language anxiety in foreign lan-guage learning. The author presents definitions and typologies anxiety, the biological symptoms of anxiety and their interpretation. A research study, conducted on a group of students of Applied Linguistics is des-cribed. The investigation included if they are afraid of speaking in German classes and during the exam, or if they are afraid of their German teacher. The results of the study show that communication apprehension, test anxiety, social anxiety, final grades, attitude to the teacher, and self-assessment are some of the reasons for language anxiety in the foreign language learning process.
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