The article presents bibliographical issues in the context of Bibliography 2.0 theory. Rapidly developing information technologies and Internet users, create a new quality of collecting, characterizing and selecting information. The author presens new solutions for bibliographic management. One of the best such available programs to manage information for free is Zotero. The basic functionality is described and ability of getting through an application bibliographic information from network resources. Zotero is a bibliographic software with advanced features that enables the creation of a collection of documents and management. The program automatically retrieves bibliographic descriptions using a web browser, creates bibliographies and allows inserting quotes when writing a scientific article.
The article focuses on presenting the most important scientific, social and cultural ideas emphasizing the significance of images, especially photographs, in human life, as well as their specificity. The meaning of a photograph as a document, work of art, and scientific research material was presented. The matter of visual document message strength was addressed, including photographs, as well as the manner of organizing them and the fact that photography records reality in an extremely detailed way, the history of photography was described in the context of the development of new research methods in science. The idea of documentary photography was presented, as well as the principles of photographic communication, psychological and philosophic factors making people record the reality they live in.
PL
Artykuł skupia się na przedstawieniu najważniejszych koncepcji naukowych, społecznych i kulturowych, które podkreślają znaczenie obrazów, zwłaszcza fotografii, w życiu człowieka, oraz ich specyfikę. Przedstawiono znaczenie fotografii jako dokumentu, dzieła sztuki, materiału naukowo-badawczego. Poruszono kwestię siły przekazu dokumentów wizualnych, w tym fotografii, sposób ich organizacji oraz to, że fotografia rejestruje rzeczywistość niezwykle precyzyjnie. Opisano historię fotografii w kontekście rozwoju nowych metod badawczych w nauce. Zaprezentowano ideę fotografii dokumentalnej. Przedstawiono zasady komunikacji fotograficznej, psychologiczne i filozoficzne czynniki skłaniające ludzi do uwieczniania rzeczywistości, w której żyją.
The authors checked the results of the final primary school exam of 3 million Polish students in the years 2005–2013. This research confirms the influence of the age of entering education on the student’s results and the chance of repeating a school year. This paper presents only a sample of the research, supported by a hypothesis of a student’s knowledge curve.
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