In the case of public procurement, the non-possession of the required decision by the contractor by the law and the terms of the proceedings results in the exclusion of the contractor from the award procedure and rejection of its off er. In this case, the public contract is not concluded. Public procurement are contracts concluded in conditions where it is difficult to talk about the implementation of the principle of freedom of contract. It remains to be determined what effect would be caused by the lack, on the part of the contractor, of the empowerment decisions required by law, if the contract were concluded under conditions of freedom of contract.
Economic entities conducting accessory economic activity play an increasing role in the market. Their situation differs from that of the typical entrepreneurs. There are no special regulations for this type of activity. They occupy aposition between the public and private sector. It is a question about the public property because the ownership transfer is a base of distinguishing sectors in the economy.
One of the public tasks of the municipality are matters of public order and security of citizens and fire protection. In the area of the municipality they were made by volunteer fire brigades assisted in cash by the municipality. Changes in such asystem were caused by the emergence of anational rescue and firefighting system, hence the need to investigate the current model of these relations.
Niektórzy przedsiębiorcy oprócz komercyjnej działalności gospodarczej podejmują działalność niekomercyjną. Wykonywana jest ona na rzecz ich członków, a także załóg. Można ją określić mianem działalności interesu społecznego (publicznego). Państwo wspiera tę działalność. Jednostką organizacyjną, która oprócz prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej ma na celu ograniczenie marginalizacji i przeciwdziałanie wykluczeniu zawodowemu i społecznemu, jest spółdzielnia socjalna.
EN
Some entrepreneurs, apart from commercial business activities, also undertake non-commercial activities. This is conducted for their members and crews of the social cooperative. It can be described as a social (public) interest activity. The state supports this activity. An organisational unit, which apart from conducting economic activity, aims to limit marginalisation and counteract professional and social exclusion is a social cooperative.
Volunteer fire brigades have a long history of operation. They operated as voluntary entities with the legal form of the association. Nowadays, acting as an association, they are also fire protection units. It places these units in a specific position.
Ownership changes in the economy and changes in organizational forms of public entities changed the legal forms of influence exerted on them by the authorities acting on behalf of the owner of the Treasury. Taking ownership functions by the authorities makes the antinomy which arises between the interests of the individual and society seem to fall. The administrative authority in exercising the function of corporate bodies should be guided by the public interest, but also its legitimate interest. In the case of privatization of public tasks, the interests of individual performers of these tasks should be consistent with the public interest.
As aresult of changes in the current legislation the executive bodies of municipalities ceased to keep records of economic activity, although the Act on freedom of economic activity still provides for certain activities of municipalities associated with the entry in the Central Register and Information on Economic Activity (“CEIDG”). The aim of the paper is to determine the role played by municipal authorities in the process of making entries in “CEIDG” by individuals, since they ceased to act as registration authorities.
Extraordinary measures limit freedoms and rights of individual’s and entrepreneurs. Freedom of business activity can, however, be limited to alarger extent than constitutional freedoms and rights of individuals. So the situation of entrepreneurs is subject to greater restrictions than the situation of individuals.
Health undoubtedly belongs of the fundamental existential values for human. Current legal regulations state that everyone is entitled to health care. Health care is agovernment task, executed especially by local government units. An individual has the right to claim medical services related to the protection of life and health from the public health service. For their practical implementation, government establishes a system of entities obliged to take action in this field. Unfortunately, the actions taken do not create a unified system in which the patient and his health are the most important value.
The possibility of taking up and practising liberal professions is generally dependent on the possession of professional qualifications, set out in law. The need to obtain certain qualifications often stems from the necessity to protect such goods as life, health and property. These might be referred to as ‘police goods’. They are existential for the functioning of the state, society and individuals, and are protected within the most important and most significant function of the state, which is the police. One of the areas of the police is the economic police, related to the protection of police goods against threats that may arise as a result of economic activity.Among the liberal professions there are those for which the requirements of obtaining certain qualifications result from the need to protect life and health. These are, in the first place, professions whose performance on the basis of appropriate qualifications guarantees a high level of protection of the life and health of the direct recipients of services provided by a person performing a liberal profession. This applies to the medical professions – doctors, dentists, nurses, midwifes, pharmacists and physiotherapists. Secondly, it is necessary to mention the professions the performance of which on the basis of appropriate qualifications guarantees a high level of protection of life and health of the undetermined group of persons. These professions include that of the architect and civil engineer.A disputable issue is whether professions whose representatives are to protect their clients against unfavourable or unlawful disposal of their own property can be considered liberal professions, where the requirement to obtain certain qualifications results from the need to protect police states and goods. These are legal professions, as well as the professions of investment advisor and property appraiser.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.