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1

W obronie zabytkowych pieców i kafli z drugiej połowy XIX i XX wieku

100%

Samek J.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1986

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issue 1

46-50

EN

Old stoves and tiles from the 2nd half of the 19th and 20th centuries have never been a subject of great interest. They are purchased by museums and collectors only on a small scale. All the worse, because of changes in heating systems a big number of old tile stoves was taken to pieces and destroyed in the last two decades. They had an ecclectic character: Neo-Gothic, Neo-Renaissance, Neo-Baroque. There have also been fine specimen from the times of secession and modernism. Apart from the richness of decoration, the tiles are also characterized by fine colouring. Stoves built from multi-coloured tiles were rather rare. The tiles were often covered with glazing in subtle toned- down colours. They included, i.a., different shades of green, ,brown, beige. The author succeeded in collecting some fine examples from the secession period. The tiles from the 2nd half of the 19th and 20th centuries often have trade marks of manufacturing plants or factories inprinted on them, just to mention factories of Jozef Niedzwiedzki, Tomasz Danz, Jan Horowitz at Dębniki. Those factories manufactured different kinds of tiles. It is also a well-known fact that tiles were designed by such renowned artists as Karol Brodzewski, Konstanty Laszczka or Jan Szczepkowski. Consequently, both stoves and tiles from the period under discussion represent examples of decorative art that has been neglected so far. Of essential importance is thus the protection and securing of these monuments. First and foremost, they should be covered by work on the Catalogue of Monuments of Art in Poland, work on the recording of monuments for conservators and conservation repairs. The moving of old stoves should be approached with much caution, not excluding this kind of securing. It is also important for museums to collect tiles from the 2nd half of the 19th and 20th cent, both big and small specimen, that have a regional character. Of special significance in this field would best an initiative of historic museums, the tasks of which comprise also studies on decorative art. We should thus postulate the undertaking of comprehensive complex studies on the Polish tiling art in the 19th and 20th centuries, as that was „silver” period in the development of this branch. It is necessary to show the place occupied by this line of production in Europe.

2

Zasoby, wartości i stan zachowania zabytków ruchomych Krakowa

100%

Samek J.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1972

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issue 3

183-189

EN

U n d e rta k in g his co n sid e ra tio n s on th e “mo v ab le cu ltu r a l p ro p e r ty ” p re s e n t in th e a re a of th e tow n of C ra cow th e a u th o r ex p la in s th e m e an in g of th is term. In th is co u n try th e p ro te c ted h is to ric a l m o n um en ts an d c u ltu ra l p ro p e r ty a re div id ed in to two categories, n am e ly th e s e immovable, as e.g. th e w o rk s of a rc h ite c tu re o r tow n p lan n in g an d th o se movable as, fo r in s ta n c e , th e a r c h ite c tu ra l d e ta ils, m u ra l p a in ting s, e a se l p a in tin g s , g rap h ic a rt, s c u lp tu re an d th e pieces of a rtis tic h a n d ic r a ft lik e th e g o ld sm ith ’s work, th a t of wood c a rv e r ’s, o r b la ck sm ith and s.o. As m ay be seen from th e above th e scope of th is d e fin itio n is one v e ry w id e and, fo r ex am p le , w ith in a n im m o v ab le o b je c t fo rmin g a s e p a ra te b u ild in g th e r e m ay be fou n d a n um b e r of mo v ab le objects, lik e doorways, window mouldings, th e stucco d e co ra tio n s a n d th e o th e rs. While s ta rtin g th e ir w o rk th e g ro u p of a r t h is to rian s h ad to d e te rm in e w h a t sets of mo v ab le m o n um en ts h a v e b e e n p re s e rv e d w ith in th e a re a of th e tow n of Cracow, fu r th e r to d e fin e th e ir resource, h is to ric a l or a r tis tic v a lu e , th e s ta te of p re s e rv a tio n , th e possibility of th e ir sa fe g u a rd in g an d mak in g th em accessible to th e public. T h e m a jo r p a r t of c u ltu ra l p ro p e rty was p re s e rv ed in s itu w ith in th e m o n a s te rie s an d ch u rch e s fo r whom th e y w e re fo u n d ed or designed. A c co rd in g to p re lim in a ry e stim a tio n s some 20,000 item s h a v e b e en p re s e rv e d among w hom a n um b e r of those counting to th e firs t and second class; only in th e Our Lad y C h u rch 1,823 o bjects we re p re se rv ed . S ev e ra l “movable m o n um en ts” a re p re s e rv ed a t b u rg h e rs ’ homes an d o th e r tow n houses w ith th e ir n um b e r am o u n tin g as high as to 6,000 objects. U n fo rtu n a te ly , u p to th e p re s e n t day th e o rie n ta tio n is la ck in g as to th e n um b e r of objects which a re still n o t covered w ith in v en to rie s or o th e r w ritte n reco rd s as th e y a re p re s e rv ed in g o v e rn am e n ta l agencies o r u n d e r th e g u a rd of v a rio u s societies an d associations. No in fo rm a tio n a t a ll is av a ilab le w ith re sp e c t to p riv a te collections. Only some 80 of th em h av e been reg iste red , h owever, it is a well known fa c t th a t th e r e e x is t a few h u n d re d of m a jo r or m in o r collections of p a in tin g s or h a n d ic ra ft w o rk s (weapons, numismatics, g la s sw a re etc.) of co n sid e rab le value. All th e a fo re - m en tio n ed w o rk was u n d e rta k e n in connection w ith p re p a ra tio n s to p u b lish th e “C atalogue of C u ltu ra l P ro p e rty in th e Town of C ra cow ”. This in tend ed m u lti-v o lum e , illu s tra te d p u b lic a tio n will be p rin te d u n til 1976. A n um b e r of co n se rv a tio n cards w e re p re p a re d conta in in g th e basic d a ta re la tin g to a given movable o b je c t th a t comprise th e d e te rm in a tio n of style, dating, a sh o rt d e sc rip tio n (m a te ria l, dimensions, re fe ren c e s, illu s tra tiv e sources) an d also th e a ssessm en t of ac tu a l s ta te of p re s e rv a tio n . The w orks connected w ith p re p a ra tio n of “movable m o n um e n ts” a re designed fo r a couple of y e a rs an d d a ta h av e a lre a d y been collected w ith concern to a b o u t 80 p e r c en t of th e re so u rc e a t hand.

3

Stan i potrzeby zabytków Cieszyna

100%

Samek J.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1970

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issue 3

173-181

EN

The author deals with problems connected with the preservation of cultural properties in the town of Cieszyn discussing in detail the particular buildings, starting from the Romanesque St. Nicholas rotunda through the Gothic townscape arrangements (going back to the 14th century), including such representative focal points as the „Piastowska” Tower or Black Friars Church up to the Renaissance burgher houses and the Baroque edifices of high architectural and historical interest. To be mentioned here deserve also some Neo-classical buildings as, for instance, the Larisch palace with its richly decorated interiors. The whole agglomeration of the town’s cultural properties is composed of buildings situated on the Castle Hill, eix churches and 150 houses. Actual state of preservation of Cieszyn cultural properties may cause well-reasoned misgivings about their future fates. A serious danger for them consists in emergence of ground waters, the advanced humidification and cracking of walls as well as in decay of plasters due to excessive salting. As by no means lesser as to their destructive effects are to be considered unapropriate use, reconstructions and repairs carried out in cultural properties in a manner not concurring with the conservator’s viewpoint. The wrongly planned construction of new buildings r e sults in disappearance of ancient town planning and historical pattern of the town. In this connection the author points to the necessity to undertake the many-step works which should be carried out at least within the two following stages: 1) scientific research accompanied by a town planning survey and historical documentation of more important objects, 2) working out of conservation projects. A stress should be laid on the fact that the problem of preserving of Cieszyn cultural properties is tightly bound with tourism as the town is sited on important touring route. Thus the author suggests the need to publish a guide book devoted to Cieszyn and its environments and to highlight the most interesting objects in collaboration with art historians аб consultants. A conclusion may be drawn that problems and conditions discussed by the author represent, unfortunately enough, by far not a solitary instance. Decrements in the monumental architecture substance, unappropriate repaire and „modernization” attempts can also be observed in other towns in this country. As the measures for bettering the situation might be proposed the accelerating of inventory and conservator’s recording works on cultural property as well as an appointment of District Conservator responsible for steady care over the Cieszyn historical monuments.

4

Problemy inwentaryzacji zabytków w dużych zespołach miejskich na przykładzie "Katalogu zabytków miasta Krakowa"

63%

Rejduch-Samkowa I., Samek J.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1982

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issue 1-2

52-58

EN

On the example of works on ’’The Catalogue of Cracow’s Historic Monuments”, describing a few hundred monuments of architecture and several thousand works of painting, sculpture and artistic craftmanship, the au thors present problems of the cataloguing of monuments in big town complexes. Assuming th a t the cataloguing is to cover structures put up before World War II Cracow has now several thousand buildings of historic interest th a t represent different periods. The idea to catalogue monuments arose in Cracow already in the 18th century (first publications appeared about 1900). More comprehensive studies were undertaken only after 1945 and were included into the works on ’’The Catalogue of Arct Monuments in Poland”, prepared by the Institute of the Polish Art attached to the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1973 a special institution for works on the cataloguing was established, namely the Team (at present th e Workshop) for th e Cataloguing of Historic Monuments of the Town of Cracow, headed by Jan Jamek and emploing 5 permanent workers and about 20 co-workers. Their task is to carry out field works according to the ir specialization, e.g. miniature codices in libraries are prepared by a rt historians engaged in this problem. The cataloguing of Cracow’s historic monuments has been done in nearly 70 per cent. The works carried out so fa r have brought a number of discoveries — out of 1,000 photographs published in one p a rt of ’’The Catalogue” almost 800 represent the works th a t have not been known before. A fu rth e r efficient p rogress of the works depends on the training of a sufficient number of specialists, i.e. a rt historians who would recognize and date various objects from different epochs according to the instructions on cataloguing. It is expected th a t works on the cataloguing of Cracow’s historic monuments should be completed in 15-years time, while editorial works will last about 20 years. The whole of ’’The Catalogue of Cracow’s Monuments” ’will consist of 12 parts (altogether 40 books) containing 3,000 pages of the te x t and 12—15 thousand photographs. It will be an important material for a rt historians, architects conservators, and what is most important, it will offer a full possibility to undertake works on thematic catalogues (e.g. of gold works, already being prepared). A vast number of treatises and articles arising as the effect of the works on cataloques prompts the establishment of a specific department for studies on the art of C ra cow biassed in favour of the works on the a rt of the microregion.

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4 Ochrona Zabytków

4 Samek J.

1 Rejduch-Samkowa I.

1 1986

1 1982

1 1972

1 1970

W obronie zabytkowych pieców i kafli z drugiej połowy XIX i XX wieku

Zasoby, wartości i stan zachowania zabytków ruchomych Krakowa

Stan i potrzeby zabytków Cieszyna

Problemy inwentaryzacji zabytków w dużych zespołach miejskich na przykładzie "Katalogu zabytków miasta Krakowa"