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1

Social crisis, ethnic distance and memory along the Chinese-Soviet border. The Chinese Russian old-settler narratives about the “Chinese” famine and Cultural Revolution in inner Mongolia

100%
Peshkov I.
Sensus Historiae. Studia interdyscyplinarne
|
2012
|
issue 3(8)
29-40
EN
The key feature of socialist modernization was the routine use of mass violence both as a tool to eliminate the existing sociocultural structures and as a basic mechanism of social regulation. The literature related to the subject lists a number of issues connected with repressions, deportations and conscious provocations of malnutrition and famine in agricultural areas (connected with the preference of industry to agriculture). The social costs of this model of modernization as well as its destructive consequences for the society’s everyday life have been subject to numerous analyses, both descriptive and theoretical. Nonetheless, the cases of the long-standing use of mass violence towards the near-indigenous groups inhabiting North-Eastern China have hardly managed to attract researchers’ attention. Such a situation can hardly be considered as satisfying. This paper aims at showing—using the example of Chinese Russian memory practices—the relationship between the special ethnic status and memory in the social modernization trauma in the Chinese-Soviet border area.
2

The Hostages of the Place of Exile. Polish Researchers of Shamanism in Soviet Academic and Museum Discourses

100%
Peshkov I.
Sensus Historiae. Studia interdyscyplinarne
|
2012
|
issue 1(6)
165-180
EN
The crucial role of Polish researchers in the investigation of Siberian indigenous cultures in the 19th century provoked attempts to use that Polish heritage in the project of Soviet Siberia. Streets and schools were named after the Polish researchers and their work was paid attention to at numerous museum exhibitions. That positive mythology was not politically neutral. Their special status of political victims and “European viewers” was supposed not only to legitimize the official (Soviet) knowledge about traditional cultures, but also to continue the democratic discourse of “Siberia as a prison”. The Soviet state tried to use the academic heritage of Polish exiles for its own purposes. The confrontation of the well educated Europeans with extremely traditional cultures symbolized the right (European and scientific) perspective to look at Siberian cultures. Their papers, books and collections were combined with the Soviet ethnographic perspective to perceive traditional cultures and their “backward past”. The aim of this paper is to investigate the Soviet use of the Polish exiles’ heritage in the conceptualization of shamanism as a set of religious and social practices. The main goal here is the reconstruction of the models of use, contexts of quotations, selection of data and symbols of representation of the Polish academic heritage in Siberia.
3

From "border socialism" to "border capitalis": past dependency in the inner-Asia border triangle

100%
Peshkov I.
Sensus Historiae. Studia interdyscyplinarne
|
2011
|
issue 2(3)
99-148
EN
This paper aims at showing — using the examples of the border regions of Mongolia (Dornod Aimag), China (the northern and northeastern provinces) and Russia (the southern part of East Siberia) — the main economic and historical processes that characterized that area (the destruction and slow reconstruction of the old industrial base, demilitarization, and demographic changes). The main assumption is the imperative to go far beyond the “teleological” transition discourse with its country-level generalities, one-way direction of changes, simple interpretation of the escape from socialism and concentration only on new forms of economic activity. Taking into account the historical perspective (the role of socialist modernization) is crucial because of the special character of socialist experience in the border areas. In this context socialist modernization turned out to be a powerful historical circumstance conditioning the gradualist path towards market economy in border areas.
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