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The volume of wet and dry atmospheric deposition in the area around Goczałkowice Reservoir between 2011–2013

100%

Leśniok M., Zimnol J.

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

2016

vol. 4

issue 3

56-68

Research on wet and dry pollution deposition was carried out at two measurement points situated on opposite sides of the Goczałkowice Reservoir. On the east side was a station in Goczałkowice and on the west side was a station in Frelichów. Meteorological monitoring was conducted at four points situated in the vicinity of the reservoir. On the basis of the research carried out between 2011–2013 it was concluded that the size of dry and wet deposition in the area of the Goczałkowice Reservoir is diversified in particular years, seasons and months. Due to high precipitation and biological processes (activity of flora and fauna) the pollutant loads in the form of biogenic compounds (nitrogen and phosphorus) are the highest in the summer season. Whereas pollutant inputs in the form of dry deposition are highest in the winter season (heating season), which in the case of a thick ice and snow cover in the spring time causes their accumulation and increased input into the reservoir water (thawing weather, snow-melt season). In relation to the 1970s the size of the deposition became smaller, but in the case of biogenic compounds it was diversified. A decrease was observed in the case of total nitrogen but an increase in the case of phosphorus. On the basis of a comparison of the received results with the data provided by the Provincial Inspector for Environmental Protection and calculated for the annual area deposition of the Pszczyna district in 2011 it appears that deposition of total nitrogen in the reservoir area slightly exceeded the area value. In the case of total phosphorus in relation to the area data the deposition was over twice as high, which indicates that biogenic compounds are still a significant load of atmospheric deposition in the reservoir area.

Dni ciepłe i chłodne w Polsce (1966–2017)

100%

Zimnol J., Bielec-Bąkowska Z.

Prace Geograficzne

2019

issue 159

67-86

The study presents the spatial and temporal variability of warm and cold days occurring in the years 1966–2017 at five meteorological stations representing four peripheral areas and the centre of Poland. The analysis was based on the daily maximum air temperature values. A warm or cold day was considered as a day during which the maximum temperature was respectively higher or lower than the average daily temperature by a value of 1.28 standard deviation for a given calendar day. The obtained results indicate an increase in the frequency of the occurrence of warm days sequences and a decrease in the number of sequences of cold days, especially after 1990. The analysis also found a clear differentiation of the annual course of the considered days depending on the geographical location of the area in question. The most distinctive is the north-western region of Poland, where the highest number of warm days was recorded. In contrast, the area of southern Poland is characterized by a higher number of cold days. Most of the analyzed days occurred as one- or two-day long sequences, constituting approximately 70–80% of all cases. In the analyzed period, short (lasting 3–5 days) waves of warm or cold days were most frequent, and the longest waves (lasting at least 11 days) usually accounted for less than 1% of all cases recorded at a given station.

W opracowaniu zaprezentowano przestrzenną i czasową zmienność ciepłych i chłodnych dni występujących w latach 1966–2017 na pięciu stacjach meteorologicznych reprezentujących cztery obszary peryferyjne oraz centrum Polski. Podstawą badań były dobowe wartości maksymalnej temperatury powietrza. Za dzień ciepły lub chłodny uznano dobę, w której temperatura maksymalna była odpowiednio wyższa lub niższa od średniej temperatury dobowej o wartość równą 1,28 odchylenia standardowego dla danego dnia kalendarzowego. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na wzrost częstości występowania ciągów dni ciepłych oraz na spadek liczby ciągów dni chłodnych, szczególnie dobrze widoczny po roku 1990. Stwierdzono także wyraźne zróżnicowanie przebiegu rocznego rozpatrywanych dni w zależności od położenia geograficznego obszaru. Najbardziej wyróżnia się rejon północno-zachodni, w którym notuje się najwięcej dni ciepłych. Natomiast obszar Polski południowej charakteryzuje się zwiększoną liczbą dni chłodnych. Większość analizowanych dni występowała pojedynczo lub w ciągach dwudniowych, stanowiąc około 70–80% wszystkich przypadków. Wśród fal dni ciepłych i chłodnych dominowały fale krótkie (trwające 3–5 dni), a fale najdłuższe (trwające co najmniej 11 dni) zwykle stanowiły mniej niż 1% wszystkich przypadków notowanych na danej stacji.

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1 Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

1 Prace Geograficzne

2 Zimnol J.

1 Bielec-Bąkowska Z.

1 Leśniok M.

1 2019

1 2016

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The volume of wet and dry atmospheric deposition in the area around Goczałkowice Reservoir between 2011–2013

Dni ciepłe i chłodne w Polsce (1966–2017)