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FR
The term of rhetoric has known several senses since its foundation as techne of persuasion by Aristote. This paper presents the historical reasons of limitation of the first rhetorical project into the scholar treaties in 17th-19th centuries. The next question is to explain the revival of rhetorical tradition with Chaim Perelman Olbrechts-Tyteca Traité de l'argumentation focused on the theory of argumentation and the French "nouvelle critique" focused on linguistics and stylistics. The key-term for both linguistic and philosophic approach of new rhetoric is a figure of speech. The author tries to find out if the modem reunified vision of rhetoric is possible and suitable.
FR
In the present paper the author tries to analyze the phenomenon of linguistic metaphor not at the level of 'langue' but rather as the result of discursive uses. The basic predicative structure le NI est un N2 in French in metaphorical use is treated not as categorization but as characterization of subject. The author compares pragma-semantic and discursive approach of the metaphorical predication and its interpretation - analogy as included in the system and 'conformity judgment' as a local characterization. The final considerations are about philosophical implications of metaphorical words uses.
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