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EN
This article proposes a new look at informal organizations through the prism of the concept of liminality created on the basis of anthropology by Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner. Based on the analysis of the case study of the All-Poland Women’s Strike and the literature review, the concept of liminal organization was defined. By this term, it defines a particular way of organizing that is intentionally constructed with the intention of inducing and strengthening liminal processes experienced by people who participate in its activities. For this purpose, people co-creating a liminal organization reach for a number of management tools and methods that are to strengthen its transformative character.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zaproponowano nowe spojrzenie na organizacje nieformalne, a mianowicie przez pryzmat koncepcji liminalności stworzonej na gruncie antropologii przez Arnolda van Gennepa oraz Victora Turnera. Opierając się na analizie studium przypadku Ogólnopolskiego Strajku Kobiet oraz literatury przedmiotu, zdefiniowano pojęcie organizacji liminalnej. Mianem tym określa się szczególny sposób organizowania, który intencjonalnie konstruowany jest z zamiarem wywołania i wzmocnienia procesów liminalnych doświadczanych przez ludzi, którzy uczestniczą w podejmowanych przez nią działaniach. W tym celu osoby współtworzące organizację liminalną sięgają do szeregu narzędzi i metod zarządzania, które mają wzmacniać jej transformacyjny charakter.
PL
Cultural heritage as a common resource. The role of collaboration between stakeholders in the management of cultural heritageCurrently, a particularly important issue in the context of cultural heritage management is the question of sustainable development, in which cultural heritage objects are analyzed in terms of their economic, social and cultural values. The most accepted perspective in the current discussions focuses on the formulation and implementation of cultural policies, while, on the other hand, much less space is given to local communities, their needs and expectations in relation to available resources of cultural heritage. In this text I will discuss the issue of functioning of various objects of cultural heritage within local communities and the management of those objects at the local level. A particular emphasis will be placed on the issue of multiplicity of cultural heritage stakeholders and the interactions between them.
PL
E-heritage – the potential of digitization for the continuity of transmission of intan gible cultural heritageFor centuries, the cultural heritage of many generations has not always been appreciated and the access to it was limited. Many cultural goods, especially those intangible ones, were lost forever. Today, we live in an age of digital revolution. Modern IT solutions not only make it possible to preserve the achievements of generations, but also enable their wide dissemination. This is creates an opportunity to save numerous places from oblivion as well as a chance for the virtual reconstruction of historic monuments. It also allows one to preserve written works, photographs, oral history, traditions, or music. These possibilities are more and more often used by museums, which are starting to digitize their collections in order to protect and increase the availability of cultural heritage resources. This phenomenon of ever-increasing presence of museums on the Internet is referred to as cybermuseology. However, in the context of the more and more dynamic development of digital cultural resources and the growing fascination thereof, the question arises as to whether one can use the IC technology to fully present the intangible heritage without losing its cultural content and whether it is possible to retain the traditions, customs, rituals, cultural practices and human experience in a digital form. The following paper will present both opportunities and threats which digitizing carries for the intangible cultural heritage resources. The author’s reflections will be complemented by the analysis of the selected projects concerning the creation of virtual resources of intangible culture in the educational, archiving and promotional aspect.
PL
CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF HISTORICAL LANDSCAPES, PARKS AND GARDENS This article treats of parks and gardens as carriers of culture and philosophy. For thousands of years, a garden has been looked upon as an inseparable element of a human abode which bears in itself a testimony to the human development and way of life. Unfortunately the awareness of the role of gardens is currently perceived mainly by specialists from this field, and as a result of this, gardens are being shifted to the margin of issues for the promotion of cultural heritage. The aim of this text is to present some sociological and philosophical aspects of cultural heritage of parks and gardens. Such an approach to the topic allows one to perceive the special dimension of the cultural heritage of gardens, whose extraordinary character can be noticed only once it is understood what the art of gardening consists in.
EN
The aim of this article is to analyze the status of implementation of the development of the leisure industry policy within The Malopolska Region Development Strategy for 2007–2013. On the base of analysis of the strategic documents and analysis of the indicators for the evaluation of the implementation of the policy, the authors made an assessment of the activities of the Malopolska Region in the field of the development of the culture industry.
Perspektywy Kultury
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2023
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vol. 40
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issue 1
109-124
EN
Monitoring the impact of cultural heritage on socio-economic development is becoming a necessity, including justifying the preservation of heritage in contemporary societies. It provides arguments showing the importance of cultural heritage for strengthening the sustainable functioning of the socioeconomic environment. The last decades of the 20th century involved great interest in the topic of indicators relating to the measurement of the cultural sector – on the international arena (UNESCO Framework for Cultural Statistics), on the European arena (eg European Network for Cultural Statistics) and the national one. Important research was also undertaken on local or regional scales, striving to capture the value of cultural heritage (e.g., the Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe study carried out in 2013–2015). The aim of the article is to identify and characterize the currently practiced approaches to monitoring the impact of cultural heritage on socio-economic development. Based on the desk research analysis and case study method, model solutions for collecting statistical data on cultural heritage in Australia, Iceland, Germany, the United States, Switzerland and the United Kingdom were examined. As a result, four approaches to collecting data on cultural heritage and its impact on socio-economic development were distinguished.
PL
Monitorowanie wpływu dziedzictwa kulturowego na rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy staje się koniecznością uzasadniającą m.in. zachowanie dziedzictwa we współczesnych społeczeństwach. Dostarcza ono argumentów pokazujących znaczenie dziedzictwa kulturowego dla wzmacniania zrównoważonego funkcjonowania otoczenia społeczno-gospodarczego. Ostatnie lata XX w. pokazały duże zainteresowanie tematyką wskaźników odnoszących się do pomiaru sektora kultury – zarówno na arenie międzynarodowej (UNESCO Framework for Cultural Statistics), jak i europejskiej (np. European Network for Cultural Statistics) czy krajowej. Ważne badania podejmowano ponadto w skali lokalnej czy regionalnej, dążąc do uchwycenia wartości dziedzictwa kulturowego (np. badanie Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe realizowane w latach 2013−2015). Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie oraz scharakteryzowanie praktykowanych obecnie podejść do monitorowania wpływu dziedzictwa kulturowego na rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy. Na podstawie analizy desk research oraz studium przypadku przyjrzano się modelowym rozwiązaniom w zakresie gromadzenia danych statystycznych na temat dziedzictwa kulturowego w Australii, Islandii, Niemczech, Stanach Zjednoczonych, Szwajcarii oraz Wielkiej Brytanii. W toku analizy wyodrębniono cztery podejścia do gromadzenia danych na temat dziedzictwa kulturowego i jego wpływu na rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy, których omówienie stanowi oś tematyczną tekstu.
EN
Background The research involved the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) bio-ceramics sprayed on titanium substrate of the type Ti-grade 2 (CP-Ti) by means of the plasma method. An innovative method of coating is applied when using implantology for healing bone defects in the body. Material and Methods Hydroxyapatite coating was prepared in order to conduct research. The powder was made using wet-chemical technology consisting in separating the solids from the solution. Next, a titanium substrate was prepared, onto which hydroxyapatite was applied with a plasma technique. Results As a result of the research it has to be noted that the properties of the obtained coating may be used for covering large surfaces of implants of any shape. Conclusions During the research into the physical and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite composites it has been observed that they show sufficient mechanical properties to be used in implantology. The further aim of the research will involve selecting technological parameters of spray coating in order to increase adhesion and cohesion of HAp coatings. Med Pr 2018;69(6):651–661
PL
Wstęp Przedmiotem badań była ocena fizykomechanicznych właściwości bioceramiki hydroksyapatytowej (HAp) natryskiwanej plazmowo na podłoże tytanowe typu Ti-grade 2 (CP-Ti). Ten sposób nanoszenia powłoki wykorzystywany jest w procesie nakładania warstw na implanty dla lepszego związania ich z tkanką kostną. Materiał i metody W celu przeprowadzenia badania przygotowano hydroksyapatyt według technologii chemii mokrej przez wydzielenie z roztworu substancji w postaci stałej. Następnie opracowano podłoże tytanowe, na które naniesiono hydroksyapatyt techniką natryskiwania plazmowego. Wyniki Przeprowadzone badania pozwalają stwierdzić, iż właściwości otrzymanej powłoki mogą być wykorzystywane do pokrycia dużych powierzchni implantów o dowolnym kształcie. Wnioski Podczas badań dotyczących fizykomechanicznych parametrów hydroksyapatytowych powłok odnotowano, iż wykazują one wystarczające właściwości mechaniczne do stosowania w implantologii. Dalszym celem badań będzie właściwy dobór technologicznych parametrów natrysku powłok, który pozwoli zwiększyć adhezje i kohezje powłok HAp. Med. Pr. 2018;69(6):651–661
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