Postępujące procesy globalizacyjne, nieustannie zmieniające się oczekiwania klientów czy sytuacja na rynku wymuszają na podmiotach gospodarczych bycie innowacyjnym. Innowacje bowiem wiąże się z możliwością wprowadzenia nowych innowacyjnych produktów bądź usług na rynek, zastosowania bardziej efektywnej i oszczędnej metody produkcji itp. To, z kolei, niesie za sobą szanse rozwoju firmy, wejścia na nowe rynki zbytu albo zwiększenia udziału na dotychczas zajmowanych. Rezultatem tego jest często zwiększenie produkcji czy też okazja do stworzenia nowych miejsc pracy. Natomiast w odniesieniu do sytuacji gospodarczej może to skutkować natomiast wzrostem PKB bądź zmniejszeniem poziomu bezrobocia, co wyraźnie wpływa na kondycję gospodarczą. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba przedstawienia roli, jaką innowacje odgrywają w jednej z najbardziej innowacyjnych, konkurencyjnych i najlepiej rozwiniętych gospodarek na świecie, ze zwróceniem uwagi na innowacyjnośći miejsce Danii w gospodarce światowej.
EN
The ongoing processes of globalization, constantly changing customer’s needs or market conditions are forcing traders to be innovative. Innovations in fact associated with the introduction of new innovative products or services on the market, the use of more efficient and costeffective production methods, etc. This in turn brings business development opportunities, entry into new markets or increase the share of the previously occupied. This is often the result of increased production, or an opportunity to create new jobs. With regard to the economic situation however this may result in an increase or decrease in the GDP level of unemployment, which clearly affects the economic condition. The purpose of this article is an attempt to present the role that innovation plays in one of the most innovative, competitive and most developed economies in the world, with a focus on innovation and place of Denmark in the global economy.
Sweden is currently the richest Scandinavian country and one of the most industrialised countries in the world. Moreover, the Swedish economy is among the world's most innovative and competitive economies. The success of the Swedish economy can be partly attributed to its openness to international trade and foreign direct investments. Other key factors include: (i) the internal economic strength, understood as intensity of business activity, (ii) the attractiveness of economic sectors from the point of view of prospective entrepreneurs, or (iii) government policy to enhance competitiveness. Finally, the condition of the domestic labour market is another important reason for the Swedish economic growth. The purpose of the article is to present the structure of the Swedish labour market and the domestic employment policy, as these two elements are not only the most crucial determinants of the labour market in this country, but also provide interesting material for research.
(Title in Polish - 'Dzialalnosc B+R i innowacyjnosc determinantami przewagi konkurencyjnej na przykladzie gospodarki szwedzkiej'). Dzialalnosc B+R i innowacyjnosc determinantami przewagi konkurencyjnej na przykladzie gospodarki szwedzkiej'). Knowledge, research and innovation connected with them are regarded as ones of the most important driving strengths of the domestic economy. It could be stated that this phenomenon refers to economic and social spheres and innovations are a kind of a determinant of competitiveness. This theory is supported by an example of Sweden and Swedish economy which is regarded as one of the most innovative and competitive economies in the world. Innovative activity is dependent on the knowledge of people involved in this activity and the quality of the R&D activity. Therefore it needs to be emphasized that Sweden is said to be a leader in the investment in knowledge. Sweden's investments in education as compared to the size of the Swedish economy have long been among the largest in the world. Thus, Sweden has one of the highest levels in the OECD. The economic growth depends on innovations, novelties and improvements which depend on the level of knowledge and skills. That consequently leads to a higher level of both economic development and economic competitiveness. As a result, Swedish economy belongs to the group of innovative leaders. In view of this fact, Sweden can be regarded as one of the richest, the best developed and the most competitive countries and economies in the world.
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