The presented paper of a contributory character is aimed at examining the extent to which the constitutional guarantees of cultural rights were limited in a time of pandemic. Fur- thermore, the paper aims to answer the question of whether the introduced limitations in cultural rights were compliant with the principle of proportionality, if they were adequate to the actual state of affairs and whether the implemented legal measures ensured the ef- fectiveness of law implementation. The legal sources analysed herein provide an answer to the question of whether the state has ensured alternative forms of enjoyment of products of culture and if it was obliged to do so. The paper focuses on a detailed analysis of the scope of the constitutional guarantees of cultural rights and the legal acts regulating the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods typical for legal sciences have been used herein, primarily the methodology of examining applicable laws. The legal norms analysed in the paper are included in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, specific statutes and imple- menting regulations.
The article analyzes the case-law of the Court of Justice of the EU regarding widely understood pop-culture icons. The cases concerning such goods have been present before the cjeu for few years and pertain to products like Coca-Cola, LEGO and Rubic’s cube. The article aims to answer the question if the pop-culture, despite of its ephemerality, can be efficiently protected. The presented case-law has been analyzed in the light of the European Union law in the context of the omnipresent mass culture.
PL
Artykuł analizuje orzecznictwo Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej dotyczące szeroko rozumianych ikon popkultury. Takie sprawy pojawiają się od kilku lat na wokandzie TSUE i dotyczą m.in. takich produktów, jak Coca-Cola, LEGO czy kostka Rubika. Artykuł stawia sobie za cel odpowiedź na pytanie, czy popkultura ze względu na swoją efemeryczność zasługuje na ochronę prawną i czy owa ochrona jest realna. Prezentowane orzeczenia są analizowane w świetle prawa Unii Europejskiej na szerokim tle wszechobecnej kultury masowej.
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