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EN
Tis article focuses mainly on reconstruction of Driesch’s considerations’ analyses relating to entelechy as a metaphysical substance. Knowing already that the chemical substance and its systems cannot provide a specific basis for the same entelechy, bio-philosopher eventually rejected this research approach in the way of understanding phenomena of entelechy. Driesch clarified the new specific features for the very entelechy that are not reducible to the peculiarities of biochemical phenomena occurring in vivo alone.
EN
Wilhelm Roux (1850–1924) was the follower of mechanical philosophy in biologicalrecognition. His research strategy focusing exclusively on the physicaland chemical rights should be considered as strictly scientific. Reductionistperspective of organisms by Roux as closed complexes and physiological activitiesoccuring in their range are in the completely new light of modern biologywhere the experimental method was introduced. In spite of the faultymethodological assumptions and the failed experimental attempt, the researchattempt of Roux was the inspiration for vitalist Hans Driesch.
EN
Achievements of Hans Driesch (1867–1941), German embryologist and philosopher,are contemporarily viewed almost exclusively from their later metaphysicalphase of development, while his earlier scientific experimental researchesare not appreciated sufficiently enough. They consisted in highlighting thespecifically totipotential character of biological, and especially of embryological,processes what is still methodologically inspiring in many dimensions ofcontemporary biological investigations. The author postulates thus a deeperanalysis of Driesch’s scientific accomplishments and broader assessment oftheir actual significance in contemporary biology.
PL
Niniejsze opracowanie dotyczy sytuacji społeczno-gospodarczej Żydów zamieszkujących tereny Galicji Wschodniej i Galicji Zachodniej w latach 1914-1918. Ukazanie złożonej problematyki badawczej w tym okresie, popartej konkretnymi faktami historycznymi, wskazuje na wieloaspektową problematykę szeroko rozumianego antysemityzmu, uwarunkowanego często różnymi czynnikami politycznymi, ekonomicznymi i kulturowymi.
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