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PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki ankiet przeprowadzonych przez autorów, których przedmiotem była archeologia eksperymentalna. Do grupy rzemieślników zajmujących się rekonstrukcją skierowano pytania dotyczące trudności, z którymi spotykają się podczas swojej pracy odtwórczej. Co jest największym problemem? Skąd rzemieślnicy czerpią informacje dotyczące technologii wytwórstwa? Jak ich wyroby są przyjmowane przez odbiorców? Ramy chronologiczne odtwórstwa zawężono do jednego okresu historycznego (czasu występowania kultury przeworskiej, a więc okresu przedrzymskiego, okresu wpływów rzymskich i okresu wędrówek ludów). Pozwoli to uczytelnić powiązania między niewielką grupą rzemieślników zajmujących się rękodzielnictwem metodami starożytnymi a światem naukowym, zdobywaniem wiedzy historycznej i archeologicznej oraz inspiracji etnograficznych w celu rozwiązania problemów technik rzemieślniczych. Badaniami zostały objęte osoby zajmujące się różnymi rzemiosłami, od obróbki metalu po garncarstwo, co pozwala spojrzeć na owo zagadnienie z szerszej perspektywy.
EN
The paper presents the results of the survey carried out by the authors of this paper, the subject of which was experimental archaeology. We asked a group of artisans that deal with historical reconstruction a set of questions about the difficulties they encounter during their reconstruction work. What is their biggest problem? Where do the craftsmen derive information about the ancient technology from? How are their products received by recipients? The chronological framework of the reconstruction industry was narrowed down to one historical period (the time of the Przeworsk culture, that is the Pre-Roman Iron Age, the Roman Iron Age and Migration Period). This clearly showed some connections between a small group of craftsmen using ancient methods in their work and the academic world, and how important it is to acquire historical and archaeological knowledge and to find ethnographic inspirations in order to solve the problems of craft techniques. The survey covered artisans practising various crafts, from metalwork to pottery, which added a broader perspective to the issues studied.
EN
The artefacts described in the paper come from the Przeworsk culture settlement in Kwiatków, where more than 100 fibulae were discovered. Among the artefacts acquired were three knee-shaped brooches with a semi-circular shield on the head. One of them was discovered in a well; the other two came from the surface of the site. This paper is mostly concerned with issues related to the technological aspects of the production of these items. In addition to the analysis of traces of craftsmanship found on the fibulae, XRF tests were performed to determine the material from which they were made. This approach allows one to supplement the typological findings and reconstruct the process of creating a given object. The brooches were microscopically examined for traces of craftsmanship. The attempt to determine the foundry method which had been applied failed to produce the expected results. Usually, individual instances of knee-shaped fibulae have been recorded at sites in Poland and other countries, such as the Czech Republic. In Kwiatków, however, the discovery contained as many as three such artefacts, though they had not been made in a workshop of one craftsman, although two display a high level of similarity.
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