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Afryka
|
2017
|
issue 45
135-143
EN
One of the essential elements of Kenyan political history is the issue of constitutionalism. From 1963 until 2010, the so-called “Lancaster House Constitution” was in force. It was outdated, repeatedly amended and associated with Jomo Kenyatta’s and Daniel Arap Moi’s authoritarian regimes. In the 1990s, the newly formed and now legal political opposition, leading Kenyan figures and human rights organisations increasingly demanded a democratisation process, an important element of which was meant to be a new Kenyan constitution. The authors of the book discuss this subject matter, which is especially important for the process of Kenyan constitutional reform.
EN
Pillarization meant the vertical division of society into four confessional and ideological blocs. It functioned from 1917 till the turn of 60’s and 70’s. Due to it, the accommodation of the differences between all segmentsof society took place, in the sequel it succeeded in prevention of possible state’s confl icts. Its development and stability were sheltered. The collapse of this model took place through the processes of modernization and secularization, and some external factors. It was called depillarization. This process was the beginning of gradual decomposition of the pillars.
EN
During the decolonisation of Africa between the 1950s and 1960s, the newly independent countries looked for state-building ideas. Africa in this period of history was also a battleground of ideologies, which were represented by the Global Powers – the US and western states; the USSR and its allies, such as North Korea.2 Due to some aspects of socialism, like anti-imperialism and anti-colonialism, these kind of ideologies found fertile ground. One of them was also the Juche, which was promoted by North Korea. During many years until today many offshoots of this ideology have taken root in Africa.
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