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EN
The text is an attempt to analyze and interpret a selection of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s thoughts about education relating to music education, the thoughts that I find as reminiscences of assumptions and methods of Emil Jaques-Dalcroze. He focuses his discourse on the issues related to the moment when the musical education of the child takes form and also on the quality of the child’s first contacts with music, and the role of parent and teacher in the child’s appreciation of music. A comparison of the assumptions regarding musical education of Rousseau and Jaques-Dalcroze may seem interesting, because, despite the passage of successive decades, they seem to be still valid, as, for example, the one that speaks of the joy of discovery that should accompany the child in the learning process.
EN
Modern life poses before people various challenges, many of which are associated with the need to be creative. And yet the sphere of amateur musical activity and education conducive to stimulating creativity in the education process of younger children is neglected. Creativity is often just an empty slogan in the core of the curriculum. The article describes a musical project implemented within the framework of extra-curricular activities, that was attended by children living in rural areas. It was based on the assumptions of Dalcroze Eurhythmics (also known as the Dalcroze Method) and one of the adopted strategies was to encourage the chil-dren’s to be more self-reliant and to stimulate their creative behavior through musical activity. The completed project shows how one can develop a child by allowing it to be creative as well as what triggers the emotions within it. Experiencing music and situations associated with it, fosters the development of cognitive, emotional, aesthetic, or social spheres of children. In other words: both teachers and parents should consciously use strategies to encourage musical creativity of children and to develop their creativity. The teacher or instructor can use this to interpret music and movement, which are quite often neglected and undervalued.
PL
Współczesność stawia przed człowiekiem różne wyzwania, z których wiele wiąże się z potrzebą bycia twórczym. Amatorska aktywność muzyczna, edukacja czy kształcenie muzyczne sprzyjają twórczości, jednakże właśnie w edukacji dzieci młodszych ten obszar jest zaniedbany, a kreatywność to często tylko puste hasło w podstawie programowej. W artykule opisano projekt muzyczny realizowany w ramach zajęć pozaszkolnych. Uczestniczyły w nim dzieci mieszkające na terenach wiejskich. Miał u swych podstaw założenia rytmiki Dalcroze’a, a jedną z przyjętych strategii było działanie muzyczne nastawione na samodzielność dzieci i stymulację zachowań twórczych. Projekt pokazał, jak bardzo można rozwijać dziecko i uwolnić jego emocje, pozwalając mu na bycie twórczym. Przeżywanie muzyki i sytuacje z tym związane sprzyjają rozwojowi poznawczemu, emocjonalnemu, estetycznemu i społecznemu, zatem zarówno nauczyciele, jak i rodzice powinni świadomie stosować strategie stymulowania muzycznej twórczości dzieci i pobudzania ich kreatywności. Nauczyciel czy instruktor może wykorzystać w tym celu interpretacje ruchowe muzyki, tak często lekceważonej i niedocenianej, bo nieznanej – muzyki poważnej.
EN
Review of No. 1 and No. 2 of the scientific annual ART/ CULTURE/ EDUCATION. Gdańsk 2012 (No. 1), 2011 (No. 2). Akademia Muzyczna im. Stanisława Moniuszki in Gdańsk
PL
Movement as a verbal communication and the problem of child activity stimulationVerbal communication, which a child acquires from birth, allows it to gain knowledge and various types of experience. The process of acquiring verbal communication skills used by the child to communicate with the surrounding world takes place in a family environment as well as in kindergarten and at school (where the child’s linguistic ability improves).The period of gaining knowledge includes learning various types of communication, including motor skills. Communicating one’s own thoughts and emotions to others, not only verbally but also through movement, is a natural need for every child and is defined as motor or music-motor expression (inspired by music).Both methods of communication, verbal and non-verbal, can be stimulated or hindered by the environment, parents and also by teachers at school.The process of acquiring extra-verbal communication skills by a child depends on the child’s inborn creative or musical talents and on his or her body-kinaesthetic skills. They can be developed during music and motion classes. Taking part in such classes develops the ability to express oneself through motion improvisations (free and guided), which are an example of extra-verbal communication. Music and motion exercises activate many areas of children’s activity, not only connected with music or motion.
EN
Child crossing the threshold of the school sees the signs. Music also is a sign and a part of musical space. The text is an attempt to show how the child from an early age learns to recognize different spaces, and these signs, and how to interpret them.
PL
Dziecko, przekraczając próg szkoły, dostrzega znaki. Muzyka także jest znakiem i częścią muzycznej przestrzeni. Tekst jest próbą ukazania, jak dziec-ko od najmłodszych lat uczy się rozpoznawać różne przestrzenie, a w nich znaki, i jak je interpretuje.
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