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EN
This study examines the connection between the categories of nation and gender in the ideology of Božena Viková-Kunětická. Through the analysis of her public statements and speeches, it seeks to better understand the functions and roles in which Viková-Kunětická imagined women serving the Czechoslovak national project. It also considers whether she perceived women (including herself) as active political agents — i.e. as subjects or else as passive objects. The text is methodologically based on the classification of women’s roles developed by Nira Yuval-Davis in her works on gender and nationalism, reconstructing the views of a female politician on the role of women on three lev els: practical-natural, symbolic, and practical-political. Taken together, these three levels make up a particular national feminine discourse founded by its ideologue Božena Viková-Kunětická. The conclusion is devoted to the assessment of the relevance of the designation of the writer as an ideo logue of the matriarchy.
EN
The study examines national myths in the work of Alois Jirásek using the example of his collection Staré pověsti české. It seeks an answer to the question of how Jirásek constructs the pattern of national myths and symbols and the resulting Czech national identity and follows the method of construction and the content of the mythical-symbolic complex. The text is methodologically based on the concept of ethno-symbolism, which represents a cultural approach to research of the phenomenon of modern nations and nationalism. It interprets stories about the origin of Czech ethnicity and its civilizational mission in the newly settled territory, about the intermingling of population and space in the creation of ethnography, Jirásek’s distinctly dichotomic conception of ethno-history and the fate of the national community. The end of the paper is devoted to the main features of Jirásek’s conception of national identity based on individual myths.
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