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1

BULHARSKÝ EXCÁR FERDINAND A SLOVENSKO (1939-1944)

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2008
|
vol. 56
|
issue 4
657-683
EN
The former Czar Ferdinand of Bulgaria from the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty often lived in Slovakia during the Second World War. His contacts with the political elite of the regime, his views on the geopolitical situation and his ordinary human joys and sorrows are the subject of a study based on previously unused and partly unknown foreign archive collections. It provides information about many behind the scenes events in the relationship of Ferdinand to the Slovak regime and its representatives. Study is a micro-analysis of an aristocrat and monarch mentally rooted in the 19th century, who found himself mixed up in the Second World War and Slovak development. Ferdinand is remembered as a monarch, who loved the people and nature of Slovakia.
2

ORIGIN, GLORY AND FALL OF THE NEW BUSINESS NOBILITY OF THE HABSBURG MONARCHY

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2020
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vol. 68
|
issue 6
913 – 945
EN
The study describes the origin, glory and fall of several important business families (Fries, Henikstein, Friesenhof and others), who gained noble status in Vienna at the end of the 18th century and retained considerable social prestige and wealth in the early 19th century. However, their minimal political influence as new noblemen did not correspond to their enormous economic and great cultural importance. The strong founding generation was usually followed by stagnation and often gradual decline with members of later generations not having the necessary persistence and qualities. This development is shown in most detail in the case of the Friesenhof family, with Johann Michael (1739–1812) founding a tradition as the first baron. His son Adolph (1798–1853) still significantly applied himself in the field of business, but his younger brother Gustav (1807–1889) already settled at Brodzany in territory now belonging to Slovakia, where he devoted his attention to business on the local level rather than on that of the whole state. With a loyal attitude to the court and the monarch, strong links with Russia, the Slovak national emancipation movement and Germany, he became a representative of a unique type within the new aristocracy with very strong European connections. His children developed these tendencies further. All this made the Friesenhofs a very interesting and entirely atypical noble family, which only confirmed the variety of this social group.
3

ERVIN HEXNER (OBHAJCA KARTELOV A ZABUDNUTÝ EKONÓM)

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 3
521 – 544
EN
Ervin Hexner (1893–1968), a native of Liptov, senior lecturer at Comenius University in Bratislava, lawyer and economist, occupies the centre of attention in this text. He applied himself not only in the academic world as an expert on cartels, but also in financial and economic practice, both in Czechoslovakia and at universities in the USA after he emigrated in 1939. He also actively participated in the Bretton Woods Conference, where he still represented Czechoslovakia, and he held important positions in the International Monetary Fund. His extensive publishing activities reacted to economic processes in Slovakia, Czechoslovakia, Europe and the world. He undoubtedly was and still is the most translated and studied economist from Slovakia.
4

ZROD, LESK A PÁD PODNIKATEĽSKÉHO TYPU NOVEJ ŠĽACHTY V HABSBURSKEJ MONARCHII

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 4
601 – 631
EN
The study describes the origin, glory and fall of several important business families (Fries, Henickstein, Friesenhof and others), who gained noble status in Vienna at the end of the 18th century and retained considerable social prestige and wealth in the early 19th century. However, their minimal political influence as new noblemen did not correspond to their enormous economic and great cultural importance. The strong founding generation was usually followed by stagnation and often gradual decline with members of later generations not having the necessary persistence and qualities. This development is shown in most detail in the case of the Friesenhof family, with Johann Michael (1739–1812) founding a tradition as the first baron. His son Adolf (1798–1853) still significantly applied himself in the field of business, but his younger brother Gustav (1807–1889) already settled at Brodzany in territory now belonging to Slovakia, where he devoted his attention to business on the local level rather than on that of the whole state. With a loyal attitude to the court and the monarch, strong links with Russia, the Slovak national emancipation movement and Germany, he became a representative of a unique type within the new aristocracy with very strong European connections. His children developed these tendencies further. All this made the Friesenhofs a very interesting and entirely atypical noble family, which only confirmed the variety of this social group.
5

HISTORICKÝ PRAMEŇ A ETIKA (NA STOLE, POD STOLOM A KDESI INDE)

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 4
597 – 609
EN
The study points to various examples from Europe of varied and rather scandalous relationships between the historian and the historical source. Political aims and absence of historical self-reflection are usually hidden behind them. Slovak experience is no better in this area. It includes a whole series of negative examples of both older and very recent cases. One of the new trends is the continuing superficial publication of sources. Absence of theoretical consideration of the methodological questions of historiography still persists. Texts remain on the empirical level and do not progress towards generalization. In conclusion, the German example shows how to productively work with sources, and how this can harmonize theoretical findings with examples from practice.
6

„KOHO JE PÔDA, TOHO JE KRAJINA...“ (KNIEŽA HOHENLOHE A JEHO AKTIVITY V OBLASTI TATIER, 1879 – 1926)

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2023
|
vol. 71
|
issue 3
533 – 556
EN
Prince Christian Kraft von Hohenlohe bought his first properties in the High Tatras area in 1879 and gradually bought more (about 19,000 ha in total). Several of his buying activities caused great emotions of nationalism in the Kingdom of Hungary. As a German from the Reich, he came into conflict with the opinion that the High Tatras should remain in domestic hands. Even here, however, no one was clear whether it was meant to be Hungarians, Zips Germans, Slovaks or Poles. In addition, the Hungarian state entered the nationalist discourse, which had ambitions to buy property into state hands, which was supposed to be an expression of a positive attitude towards the country and opposition to the most beautiful areas falling into the hands of foreigners. Hohenlohe programmatically demonstrated a positive relationship to the state and its politics. On the other hand, he came into conflict with domestic tourists on his properties, and with his contradictory conservation activities, he justified closing the properties to tourists, which again caused only resistance and resentment from the public. In the Hungarian-Polish border dispute at the beginning of the 20th century, he took the Hungarian side and after 1918 pragmatically defended Czechoslovak interests against Polish territorial claims, because it both suited him and enabled him to avoid the intentions of the later Czechoslovak land reform. The state was also accommodating to the heirs of the estates and dealt with them very generously, as it did not desire a conflict with the Reich Germans in the 1930s. The fates of the Hohenlohe properties thus remained rather exceptional in the Hungarian and Czechoslovak state context.
7

AGRÁRNA DEMOKRACIA AKO POKUS O TRETIU CESTU STREDOEURÓPSKEJ TRANSFORMÁCIE

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2011
|
vol. 59
|
issue 1
3-32
EN
In the first half of the 1920s, the conception of a third way was a basic feature of the ideology of agrarianism, which arose from German and Russian sources and developed within individual agrarian parties at the beginning of the 20th century in the Balkans, especially in Bulgaria and Romania. After 1918, the centre of gravity of theoretical discussion of agrarianism shifted from these countries to Czechoslovakia, which then influenced the agrarian parties in Yugoslavia and Poland. The agrarians cultivated the theoretical concept and vision of a so-called third way as an alternative to the radical leftist ideologies of socialism and communism, and their rightist counterparts, namely liberalism, capitalism and fascism. In the 1930s, Poland took the lead in theoretical discourse and the conception of the third way in agrarianism reached its peak here.
8

TRIANONSKÉ RITUÁLY ALEBO ÚVAHY NAD NIEKTORÝMI JAVMI V MAĎARSKEJ HISTORIOGRAFII

100%
Holec R.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2010
|
vol. 58
|
issue 2
291-312
EN
The study connected with the approaching anniversary of the conclusion of the Treaty of Trianon examines the instrumentalization of this event in part of Hungarian historiography. Biased arguments, the so-called national viewpoint, double standards for the same phenomena, absence of context, lack of perception of preceding developments, demonization of particular personalities and phenomena, uncritical argumentation from the 1910 nationality statistics, which used unreliable methods, accompany this instrumentalization. All this is only part of a rich repertoire. The study comments on the character of the most recent Trianon publications and generalizes about some common features of Hungarian historiography, especially the absence of self-reflection and problems with the analysis of their own historical failures, as well as the tendency of the main stream of Hungarian historiography to ignore these negative trends. They are tacitly accepted without comment or the necessary critical detachment, which gives the impression of agreement. There are more than enough similar negative phenomena in Slovakia, but here they evoke polemics and the majority of professional historians distance themselves from them. Only those, who can express their position and not be silent at home, have the right to look beyond the frontiers and express critical views of the situation in neighbouring countries.
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