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SOCIAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF A NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM: ANALYSIS OF COOPERATION AMONG INNOVATIVE LATVIAN AND ESTONIAN FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

100%
Baumane I., Sumilo E., Dovladbekova I.
Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia
|
2009
|
vol. 17
|
issue 4
540-565
EN
This article analyses the role of cooperation, social networks and social capital in stimulating innovations in enterprises which shape the basis for a knowledge-based economy in Latvia. Although Latvia has participated in EU's assessments of innovative activities, the results of these assessments have never been analysed in terms of social capital. By using comparative reports, one can compare the situation in Latvia with the situation in other countries. The first part of the article addresses theoretical aspects of social capital and creation of innovations. The second part gives an insight into two of the most popular instruments used for comparing European countries in the field of innovations, namely, the European Innovation Scoreboard and the Community Innovation Survey. The third part analyses the effect of social capital on the indicators of a national innovation system in Latvia. In the final part, data obtained from the most recent Community Innovation Survey are used to analyse the effect of cooperation on creating innovations in Latvia's and Estonia's food industry.
2

COOPERATION AS A BASIC ELEMENT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL: ANALYSIS OF LATVIA'S TOURISM INDUSTRY.

100%
Sumilo E., Dovladbekova I., Berzina K., Baumane I.
Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia
|
2009
|
vol. 17
|
issue 2
208-236
EN
There are numerous blank spots in the empirical analysis of social capital. Researchers, international organisations and research groups offer various approaches for assessing social capital. Regardless of the level on which the social capital is analysed - public, business or individual - it is possible to differentiate among three basic methods that can be used, namely, the micro approach, the macro approach and the mezzo approach. Cooperation (its form, structure and conditions) is a basic element of social capital. This article describes the first step in analysing social capital in Latvia by focusing on cooperation as the characteristic element of social capital and its relation to indicators of business development in the tourism industry. It is clear that there is a need for in-depth analysis which deals with the dynamic aspects of social capital by focusing on prerequisites for establishing social capital and the morphology of social networks in order to identify which type of social networking structure facilitates successful cooperation in the tourism industry.
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