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PL
The article pertains to the culinary terminology that is contemporarily used in the Polish language. The main aim of the article is to define the scope and way of using proper names and their derivatives in the creation of culinary terminology, i.e. subcategories of proper names that appear in that terminology, their grammatical categories, their function and position in the complex structure of a culinary name.
EN
The following paper is dedicated to the analysis of 41 proper names (including 18 historical names) of structures in Cracow used for crossing water and terrain, identified architecturally as bridges, footbridges, trestle bridges and flyovers. These names have got a rather distinct structure: the anteposition contains a generic name, while the postposition comprises an individualising determinant, such as an adjective or a noun in genitive case, less frequently nominative: most Dębnicki (bridge), most Wandy (bridge), most Lajkonik (bridge); kładka Ojca Bernatka (footbridge), estakada Obrońców Lwowa (trestle bridge). Most of these terms have toponymic or anthroponymic motivation connected with Cracow, others belong to exceptions. There is a tendency for using commemorative names, introduced with the preposition imienia/im. (named after): most im. Kardynała Franciszka Macharskiego. Due to the fact that these structures are located in the city, their names belong to urbanonymy. The physical appearance and function of these facilities make it possible to apply in their names the notion of hodonymy. In the Russian language the term gefironim has been used in reference to these names. In terms of the type of denoted structures, the notion gefironim is narrower than an urbanonym, but it is wider when it comes to the area in which these structures are located.
Onomastica
|
2017
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
105-116
EN
This paper is devoted to the formation of adjectives from the names of Polish towns. The object of interest is mainly peripheral phenomena, such as the scope of the use of the suffix -ski as a basic formant (Kraków - krakowski), secondary suffixes (-owski, -ański, -eński, -iński/-yński: Kutno - kutnowski, Pajęczno - pajęczański, Gniezno - gnieźnieński, Chełmno - chełmiński, Opoczno - opoczyński, and rarely: Iłża - iłżecki, Jaworzno – jaworznicki), as well as numerous adaptation phenomena of a morphological base in the process of derivation (consonant and vowel alterations, disintegration and stem simplification), and hence the functioning of doublets, or even triplets in adjective formation. The basis of analysis was the material included in “Słownik nazw miejscowości i mieszkańców z odmianą i poradami językowymi” by Marek Łaziński (2007), compared with the data from “Słownik nazw własnych” by Jan Grzenia (1998, 2002), “Słownik nazw osobowych i miejscowych” by Daniela Podlawska and Magdalena Świątek-Brzezińska (2008), “Słownik etymologiczny miast i gmin PRL ” by Stanisław Rospond (1984) and “Wielki słownik poprawnej polszczyzny PWN” by Andrzej Markowski (2004). Due to nonsubstantive limitations, there are only infrequent references to the data included in “Nazwy miejscowe Polski. Historia. Pochodzenie. Zmiany” (1999–2016). Despite straightforward rules concerning the formation of adjectives from place names, ensuring the distinction of this category, quite broad peripheries can be observed, where the shape of the derivative is determined by a range of nonlinguistic factors, such as: geographical conditions (and thus potential dialect influence), chronological factors, the frequency of names, and even arbitrary decisions of linguists.
PL
The subject of the article are the names of currently open Polish theatres. Attention is focused on the formal structure of the names, i.e. the number and type of the components of the official name of a theatre. Theatre names are nominal in nature and are saturated with vocabulary from the broad semantic field of theatre. The constitutive element of most names is the lexeme THEATRE. Additional identifying and defining elements are adjectives and common or proper (name of the patron) nouns. The minimal name consists of two elements. Other names vary as for their length, yet the order of elements extending the name can be easily established.
PL
The aim of the paper is to examine the Polish lexeme ‘tradycja’ [Eng. tradition] in selectedPolish language dictionaries with respect to its historical records and conventional usage.Notably, the syntactic patterns the lexeme enters into are analyzed in detail.
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